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</html>";s:4:"text";s:12426:"[7] The book Robert O. Paxton's Vichy France, Old Guard, New Order describes how the Italian zone acted as a refuge for Jews fleeing persecution in Vichy France during the occupation. Most Italian units had inadequate or obsolete artillery and lacked motor transport. ]Italian units had inadequate or obsolete artillery and lacked motor transport. [13], In addition to Nice/Nizza and Corsica, the Italians projected further territorial claims for the defeated France. This initial zone of oc… [14], All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Military history of France during World War II, Military history of Italy during World War II, States and territories established in 1940, States and territories disestablished in 1943, Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France, Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces, German military administration in occupied France during World War II, guerrilla war against the Italians in France, From the French Shoah memorial : Angelo Donati’s report on the steps taken by the Italians to save the Jews in Italian-occupied France, Italy and the Jews – Timeline by Elizabeth D. Malissa, "Italian Fascism Didn't Practice Anti-Semitism", http://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/22/opinion/l-italian-fascism-didn-t-practice-anti-semitism-707193.html, Battambang and Sisophon (Cambodia) Hello Select your address Best Sellers Today's Deals New Releases Electronics Books Customer Service Gift Ideas Home Computers Gift Cards Subscribe and save Coupons Sell [5], The Italian Army of occupation in southern France in November 1942 was made up of four infantry divisions with 136,000 soldiers and 6,000 officers, while in Corsica [6] there were 66,000 soldiers with 3,000 officers. [1] The largest town contained within the initial Italian zone of occupation was Menton, annexed officially to the Kingdom of Italy. * Luang Prabang and Champasak (Laos), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Italian_occupation_of_France_during_World_War_II?oldid=4526577, Italian Military Administration in France, On 10 June 1940, the Italian army under Benito Mussolini. 2. Within five months, 5,000 Jews were caught and deported. [4] But this was not done because of the Italian surrender to the Allies in September 1943 when the Germans took over the Italian occupation zones. Annapolis, MD: United States Naval Institute.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Varley, Karine. The Italian Jewish banker Angelo Donati had an important role in convincing the Italian civil and military authorities to protect the Jews from the French persecution. The Italian invasion of France (10 to 25 June 1940), also called the Battle of the Alps, was the first major Italian engagement of World War II and the last major engagement of the Battle of France. Nice and Corsica were to be annexed to Italy (as had happened in 1940 with Menton), in order to fulfil the aspirations of Italian irredentists (including local groups such as the Nizzardo Italians and the Corsican Italians). The Italians lost 631 men in these skirmishes compared to France's 40 casualties. [1] The main city inside the "demilitarized zone" of 50 km from the former border with the Italian Alpine Wall [2] was Nice.[3]. But these vehicles were often classified as "tankettes" and were little more than lightly armored machine-gun carriers not suited for modern warfare. [12], Operating from Bordeaux Sommergibile ("BETASOM") as it was known, thirty-two Italian submarines participated in the Battle of the Atlantic. [citation needed]. [citation needed], The Italian Army of occupation in southern France in November 1942 was made up of four infantry divisions with 136,000 soldiers and 6,000 officers, while in Corsica [5] there were 66,000 soldiers with 3,000 officers. [8] The book Robert O. Paxton's Vichy France, Old Guard, New Order describes how the Italian zone acted as a refuge for Jews fleeing persecution in Vichy France during the occupation. "[9], However, when the Italians signed the armistice with the Allies, German troops invaded the former Italian zone (September 8, 1943) and initiated brutal raids. Mar 6, 2016 - Italians occupied the Free Zone of France. The sub-unit of the Albanian lek, the qindar, was abolished, and the fractional denominations instead used decimals. Alois Brunner, the SS official for Jewish affairs, was placed at the head of units formed to search out Jews. Nearly 80% of the remaining 300,000 French Jews took refuge there after November 1942. The Italian occupation of France occurred in two different periods during World War II: the first in June 1940 and the second in November 1942. "[10], However, when the Italians signed the armistice with the Allies, German troops invaded the former Italian zone (September 8, 1943) and initiated brutal raids. [14] The territory would be administrated as the new Italian region of Alpi Occidentali with the town of Briançon (Italian: Brianzone) acting as the provincial capital. [14], In addition to Nice/Nizza and Corsica, the Italians projected further territorial claims for the defeated France. Specific to this front, the Italians were not equipped for the cold Alpine environment, and faced the formidable fortifications of the Alpine Line (called the "Little Maginot"). [9][11], In August 1940, the Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina) established a submarine base at Bordeaux, outside Italian-occupied France. On 24 June 1940, after the Fall of France, Italy and France signed the Franco-Italian Armistice, two days after the Second Armistice at Compiegne between France and Germany, agreeing upon an Italian zone of occupation. Overall, the Italian forces numbered about 700,000 troops in June 1940. The Italian entry into the war widened its scope considerably in Africa and the Mediterranean Sea. • Auphan, Gabriel Paul; Mordal, Jacques (1959). Most [according to whom? The Italian gains were minimal, in the few days of fighting. A further 2,151 men were stricken by frostbite during the campaign. The Italian armored regiments were from the 133 Armoured Division Littorio and included between 150 to 250 L3/35 tankettes which were little more than lightly armored machine-gun carriers not suited for modern warfare. On 10 June 1940, Italy declared war against the French and British. The Italian Occupation of France. [10][12], The Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina) established in August 1940 a submarine base at Bordeaux, outside Italian-occupied France. [14] Plan 'B' encompassed the Italian annexation of the Alpes Maritimes (including the Principality of Monaco) and parts of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Hautes Alpes and Savoie. The initial zone was 832 km² and contained 28,500 inhabitants. The Italian occupation of France has been largely forgotten both in France and Italy, but also in Britain. In Mussolini's Army in the French Riviera, Emanuele Sica covers more than his title indicates. During the fighting, the Italians lost 631 men killed and 2,631 wounded, with an additional 616 reported missing. Overall, the Italian forces numbered about 700,000 troops in June 1940. Italian-occupied France was an area of south-eastern France occupied by Fascist Italy in two stages during World War II. [7] They faced no opposition from the Vichy Army. [according to whom?] The Second World War in However, while they enjoyed a huge numerical superiority to the French, they had several deficiencies. In November 1942, in conjunction with Case Anton, the German occupation of most of Vichy France, the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito) expanded its occupation zone. In 1940, The Italian Armistice Commission (Commissione Italiana d'Armistizio con la Francia, CIAF) produced two detailed plans concerning the future of the occupied French territories. However, while they enjoyed a huge numerical superiority to the French, they had several deficiencies. The occupation lasted from June 1940 until the Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces on September 8, 1943, when Italian troops on French soil retreated under pressure from the Germans. In the event, it was an Italian who called the foreigners into Italy. Mussolini that `` Italian military circles... lack a proper understanding of the remaining 300,000 French took! 300,000 French Jews took refuge There after November 1942 compared to France 40... Few days of fighting km² and contained 28,500 inhabitants both at a national regional. Europe to the Italian forces numbered about 700,000 troops in June 1940 Sarfatti and refused hand. 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