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";s:4:"text";s:25467:"The specimens were collected in North America and came to the Liverpool national collection via Thomas Campbell Eyton’s collection and the 13th Earl of Derby’s collection which was bequeathed to the city of Liverpool. Larger than a Green-winged Teal, smaller than a Canvasback. The Cornell Lab will send you updates about birds, birding, and opportunities to help bird conservation. Dec 24, 2015 - Colloquially known as the little bluebill or broadbill because of its distinctive blue bill. Flock of Lesser Scaup flyhing low over rough water. Mike's Birds. Lesser scaup are often hard to distinguish from the greater scaup when direct comparison is not possible, but in North America a large scaup flock will often have both species present. At a distance, breeding male Lesser Scaup are black and white, but closer views reveal an iridescent purple to green sheen on the head, a finely barred black-and-white back, a bluish bill, and a yellow eye. Note the peaked head and that the back of the head is flat. If the birds fly, the most tell-tale sign is the white secondary remiges, whereas in the greater scaup the white extends on the primary remiges also, i.e. In the extreme southeast and southwest of the breeding range—the Rocky Mountains region of the northwestern United States and the southern Great Lakes—lesser scaup are present all-year; it is not clear whether the breeding birds are replaced by migrants from the far north in winter, or whether the local populations do not migrate, or whether both local and migrant birds are found there in winter. 0:00 / Lesser scaup (song) song. This is one competitive courtship flight! Photo taken on the Boulder Flying Circus Birders Walk on April 13, 2019. Carboneras, Carles (1992): 121. The lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) is a small North American diving duck that migrates south as far as Central America in winter. The best trait—if the primary remiges are not visible—is the shape of the head: in the greater scaup drake, the forehead is usually quite massive, whereas the nape presents a smooth shallow curve and may appear almost straightly sloping. The Lesser Scaup has a peaked, angular head that the Greater Scaup lacks. Find the perfect scaup duck flying stock photo. [6] Wing lengths (not wingspans) are about 7.5–7.9 in (19–20 cm) in males and 7.3–7.8 in (19–20 cm) in females; the tarsus is about 1.4–1.5 in (3.6–3.8 cm) long, and the bill 1.4–1.7 in (3.6–4.3 cm). Image of gray, waterfowl, clear - 63524683 Note typical head shape; purple sheen visible on neck. Incubation is by the female only and lasts around 3 weeks. Medium-sized diving duck with a tall, peaked head and a fairly straight bill. Drakes in eclipse plumage look similar, but with a very dark head and breast, little or no white on the head and usually some greyish vermiculations on the wings. are held in the collections of National Museums Liverpool at World Museum, with accession numbers D826c (female adult) and D826b (male adult). In winter, but less so in summer, other aquatic animals—crustacean, insect and their larvae and small fishes—form an important part of their diet. Lesser Scaup flying (Aythya affinis) over prairie pothole. Apr 11, 2020 - Lesser Scaup © Steve Frye. This is even recognizable at considerable range, as the scaups' bills appear uniformly grey from a distance, whereas those of hybrids look two-colored. Adult females (hens) have a white band at the base of the bill, often a lighter ear region, and are otherwise dark brown all over, shading to white on the mid-belly. European hybrids typically involve the tufted duck (A. fuligula), yielding offspring that have a small nape crest unlike any European Aythya species. Note how the narrow head is ‘peaked’ – tallest at the back of the head. They may even spend the winter on lakes in parks, as long as they are not harassed, and will occur even on smallish Caribbean islands such as Grand Cayman. When they’re active—feeding, flying, etc.—they move their necks, which makes it difficult to choose between round or narrow. The lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) is a small North American diving duck that migrates south as far as Central America in winter. Greater scaup hen. Due to the wide breeding range and the fact that the rate of decline, though remarkable, is still not threatening in respect to the enormous overall numbers, the lesser scaup is classified as a Species of Least Concern by the IUCN. a lesser scaup drake flying over water. Hens give the namesake discordant scaup, scaup call; in courtship drakes produce weak whistles. Select from premium Scaup Flight of the highest quality. The Greater Scaup can easily be confused with its cousin the Lesser Scaup, which are nearly identical in the field except for the wing marks. A closer look reveals black-and-white males and chocolatey-brown females floating on the surface and diving below to eat aquatic invertebrates and plants. song. Mar 18, 2020 - Lesser Scaup © Steve Frye. [3][16], Before the start of the population decline (see below), about 57% of the lesser scaup nests failed each breeding season because the female was killed or the eggs were eaten or destroyed. Barnacle goose. [2] It is apparently a very close relative of the Holarctic greater scaup or "bluebill" (A. marila), with which it forms a superspecies. Lesser scaup are thought to comprise slightly less than nine-tenths of the scaup population of North America. The Lesser Scaup and its older relatives Greater Scaups are often found flying and swimming together. [3][4] The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek aithuia an unidentified seabird mentioned by authors including Hesychius and Aristotle, and Latin, affinis "related to", from its resemblance to the greater scaup. American black duck. American wigeon. ID: 2AG0T63 (RF) Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis Fort Worth Texas USA [3], Although the lesser scaup has the largest population of any species of diving duck in North America, their population has been steadily declining since the mid-1980s, and reached an all-time low in the early 21st century. The Lesser Scaup is a medium-sized diving duck with a small peak at the back of the head. The young fledge some 45–50 days after hatching and soon thereafter the birds migrate to winter quarters already. The experience of the past as well as the reproduction rate—even if this is declining—suggests that hunting has no major impact on lesser scaup populations at present either. Description: Size: 38-46 cm in length with a 68-77 cm wingspan. Except for hybrids between the two scaup species, the most reliable mark is the black bill-tip of hybrids, whereas in the scaups only the very point ("nail") of the bill is black. In this regard, it is alternatively or additionally possible that greater scaup, which may be increasing in numbers, is putting the lesser scaup under increasingly severe competition. Get Instant ID help for 650+ North American birds. Note that the back of the head is flat. In Central America, flocks are present from July on, but only really numerous after September. The Greater Scaup is a Diving Duck with Coastal Hunting Opportunities. The body is mottled brown-gray. No need to register, buy now! Note bright yellow iris. Male makes faint whistled "whe-o" in courtship. But this is unreliable because it varies according to light conditions, and these birds are often too far away from the observer to make out any sheen at all. Two syntype specimens of Fuligula affinis Eyton (Monogr. Photo about Male Lesser Scaup Flying in a Clear Blue Sky. Stay in Touch with MDC news, … Mar 18, 2020 - Lesser Scaup © Steve Frye. The Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) is a small diving duck that is colloquially known as the Little Bluebill or Broadbill (not to be confused with the Broadbill - Family Eurylaimidae (Perching Birds). Wintering lesser scaup are typically found in freshwater or slightly brackish habitat and unlike greater scaup rarely are seen offshore when unfrozen freshwater habitat is available. The lesser scaup drake presents the opposite shape, with a less bulging forehead and a nape that looks strongly curved or even angular due to the small crest. It is colloquially known as the little bluebill or broadbill because of its distinctive blue bill. Other Names: Little Bluebill Distribution: northern North America in summer; southern United States through Mexico in winter. Search. Your Scaup Flying stock images are ready. It is closely related to the Holarctic Greater Scaup or "bluebill" (A. marila), with which it forms a superspecies.. Download all free or royalty-free photos and vectors. [2][3][7][8] The wingspan is 68–78 cm (27–31 in). On one hand, pollution and habitat destruction, especially in the wintering regions, has certainly increased since the early-mid 20th century. Svensson, Lars; Zetterström, Dan; Mullarney, Killian & Grant, P. J. Check out these drake scaup chasing a hen toward the lens of Delta photographer Fred Greenslade. They acquire yellow eyes with age. See more images of this species in Macaulay Library. Anat., 1838, p.157.) The origin of the name scaup may stem from the bird's preference for feeding on scalp—the Scottish word for clams, oysters, and mussels. During winter, look for Lesser Scaup on lakes, reservoirs, coastal bays, and estuaries. Downy hatchlings look much like those of related species, with dark brown upperparts and pale buff underparts, chin, supercilium and back spots. But especially with juveniles, the bi-coored bill of hybrids is most diagnostic. A - Z. App. Thousands winter each year on the Topolobampo lagoons in Mexico, and even in the southernmost major wintering location—Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta in Colombia—hundreds of birds can be seen. These birds migrate south (mostly via the Central and Mississippi Flyways) when the young are fledged and return early spring, usually arriving on the breeding ground in May. Nonbreeding males have a dark head with a yellow eye. UK records are typically in the northern parts of the country. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. The first documented British record was a first-winter male at Chasewater, Staffordshire in 1987[11] but by 2006, over 60 had been recorded, with an average of 2 per year. Breeding begins in May, but most birds nest only in June, later than usual for North American waterfowl. Lesser Scaup. Find the perfect Scaup Flight stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. They range from Canada from the Pacific Coast to Central America on the East Coast. far towards the wingtip. The bill may give a hint; in the lesser scaup it has a stronger curve on the upperside than in the greater, resulting in a distal part that looks somewhat flattened and wide in the lesser scaup—hence the vernacular name "broadbill". Hens vocalize more often than those of the greater scaup—particularly during flight—but their call is weaker, a guttural brrtt, brrtt.[2][7][8]. During the breeding season, they are more commonly found in marshes of northern North America where they nest. They tend to form tight groups and mix with other diving ducks such as Canvasbacks, Redheads, Greater Scaup, and Ring-necked Ducks. Listen to Lesser scaup on bird-sounds.net - a comprehensive collection of North American bird songs and bird calls. Larger than a Green-winged Teal, smaller than a Canvasback. By the time they are 5 to 7 weeks old they are able to dive for 2-25 seconds and swim underwater for 15-18 meters (50-60 ft). This is by far the commonest Aythya and therefore the most familiar. Hybrid combinations that are known from the wild and resemble the lesser scaup are: In theory, each and every Aythya species is able to produce potentially fertile hybrids with any other, though due to their different ranges and behavioral cues given during courtship most of these hybrids are only known from birds kept in captivity without conspecific mates.[3][7]. The Greater breeds primarily in the far north on tundra lakes and ponds. The Greater Scaup is the larger of the two native scaups seen in North America, the Lesser Scaup is the second scaup. The origin of the name scaup may stem from the bird's preference for feeding on scalp—the Scottish word for clams, oysters, and mussels; however, some credit it to the female's discordant scaup call as the name's source. Lesser Scaup Other notes: The best time to review the shape of the head is when the ducks are loafing around or napping. They mainly eat mollusks such as mussels and clams, as well as seeds and other parts of aquatic plants like sedges and bulrushes (Cyperaceae), "pondweeds", widgeon-grass (Ruppia cirrhosa), wild celery (Vallisneria americana) or wild rice (Zizania). The average brood size of nests where eggs hatched successfully was 8.33 hatchlings. blue bill) have been one of the most abundant ducks in North America; however, over the last 20 years, the duck population has spiraled downward. Head is purplish-iridescent, but is only visible with ideal lighting. Lesser scaup typically travel in flocks of 25–50 birds and winter mainly on lakes, rivers and sheltered coastal lagoons and bays between the US–Canada border and northern Colombia, including Central America, the West Indies and Bermuda. Aythya affinis Traditionally, lesser scaup (a.k.a. "A phylogenetic analysis of modern pochards (Anatidae: Aythyini)", "Winter field notes and specimen weights of Cayman Island Birds", "Nuevos registros para la avifauna de El Salvador", "New and Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, 1986–2003", Lesser Scaup ‘’Aythya affinis’’ (Eyton, 1838), "Food habits of diving ducks in the Great Lakes after the zebra mussel invasion", The Nature Conservancy's Species profile for the Lesser Scaup, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lesser_scaup&oldid=996747762, Native birds of the Northwestern United States, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The occurrence of hybridization between lesser and greater scaup in the wild is disputed. [7], The nest is a shallow depression scraped in the ground and lined with plants and some down feathers. View top-quality stock photos of Lesser Scaup Duck Male Flying. Female Lesser Scaup are mostly dark brown but with a variable size white patch behind the bill. a drake lesser scaup flying over the water with cat-tails at the edge of the water. Females are brown overall with a darker brown head and a white patch next to the bill, but not all females have a white patch. Other ducks, geese and swans. [1][2][3][8], The causes for this stark—though not threatening yet—decline remain unknown. From afar flocks might just look like floating mats of vegetation on the water. Photo taken on the Flying Circus Birders of Boulder Walk on April 4, 2020. On the other hand, the narrow time frame in which lesser scaup breed and raise their young may be tied to some specific ecological conditions—such as abundance of key food items—which shifted winterwards due to global warming[citation needed], without the ducks being able to adapt. [2][3][8][15], They nest in a sheltered location on the ground near water, usually among thick vegetation such as sedges and bulrushes, sometimes in small loose groups and not rarely next to colonies of gulls or terns; several females may deposit eggs in a single nest. Both sexes have white secondary remiges, a blue-grey bill with a black "nail" at the tip and grey feet; the drakes have a bright yellow iris, while that of females is orange or amber and that of immatures is brown. The differences in head shape hold true for females and juveniles, too. The species can weigh 454–1,089 g (1.001–2.401 lb); males weigh 820 g (1.81 lb) on average and weigh noticeably less, at 730 g (1.61 lb) on average. [2][3][7][8][9][10], They are rarely—but apparently increasingly often—seen as vagrants in western Europe. Notable breeding concentrations, with more than half a million birds at the height of the season, can be found in Alaska, in the woodlands of the McKenzie River valley and on the Old Crow Flats. To quickly identify if the scaups flying past you are lesser or greater scaups, look at the white patch on the upper surface of their extended wings. In winter also occurs in bays, estuaries, and lagoons. (photo by Matt Grube) Male Lesser Scaup – a gorgeous bird with glossy purple-black head and breast, white sides and marbled grey back, blue bill and bright yellow eyes. The origin of the name scaup may stem from the bird's preference for feeding on scalp—the Scottish word for clams, oysters, and mussels; however, some credit it to the female's discordant scaup call as the name's source. The clutch numbers about 9–11 eggs on average; up to 26 eggs have been found in a single nest, but such high numbers are from more than one female. The drakes court the hens in the winter quarters; pairs form shortly before and during the spring migration. It is apparently a very close relative of the Self-taught wildlife artist Richard Clifton captured the magical glow of light from a low sun in his acrylic painting of a single lesser scaup drake that won the 2020 Federal Duck Stamp Art Contest. Can be very difficult to tell from Greater Scaup. [citation needed], However, it seems that greater scaup eats larger food items on average,[15] and the species are sympatric in part of their range and presumably have been for millennium without any problems due to competition. (1999): This page was last edited on 28 December 2020, at 11:40. At this time of year, any lake, reservoir or gravel pit should host this species, as well as its frequent companion, Common Pochard. Immature birds resemble the adult females, but are duller and have hardly any white at the bill base. Glossy black head, front, and rear with a gray back and white sides. In the 1970s, the lesser scaup population was estimated at 6.9 million birds on average; in the 1990s it had declined to about half that number, and by the late 2000s it is estimated at 3 million individuals or less. [2][3][7][8], These birds are not very vocal, at least compared to dabbling ducks. From the small peak, the back of the head and neck is flat, not rounded as it is on Greater Scaup. They are more likely to use inland lakes than Greater Scaup. Lesser scaup. Lesser Scaup chicks are capable of diving under water on their hatching day, but they are too buoyant to stay under for more than just a moment. Females are rich brown overall, with a darker head and white patch next to the bill. These ducks are also known as the Blue Bills. Though a scarce breeding bird in Britain, it is much more regular in winter, when numbers are boosted by continental migrants. 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