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";s:4:"text";s:35554:"DOV BER GUTTMAN (SADIKLOV) 8.YISROEL … Should not have been created in the first place! Now, to do this is a great sin; and scarcely had the words of the incantation passed Besht's lips when he heard a voice from the heavens declaring that he had forfeited thereby his share in HaOlam HaBa (The World To Come). Heinrich Grätz, Gesch. 1–45, Frumkin, 'Adat ...;..Hasidim, Lemberg, 1860, 1865 (?). These are just a few "starting points", to which many people are able to trace their families. Not by fleeing from earthly enjoyments through fear is the soul's power assured, but by holding the passions under control. Shem Tov Levi is an Israeli singer, pianist, flautist and composer. Enthusiasm, however, demands progress, not the mere fulfillment of the Law's precepts in a daily routine which becomes deadening: true religion consists in an ever-growing recognition of God. Isroel ben Eliezer "Baal Shem Tov": List of Hasidic Dynasties on Wikipedia: Link. Twerski/Twersky family. נענה מרן הבעש"ט זי"ע והוציא לו גם הוא את "ספר היוחסין" שלו עד דוד המלך ע"ה… [%D7%A9%D7%A9"%D7%A7 - ברסלב, ח"ב, אות ש"ג]. Besht was born to Eliezer and Sara in Okopy (Ukrainian: Окопи) a small village that over the centuries has been part of Poland, Russia, and is now part of Ukraine,(located in the Borshchivskyi Raion (district) of the Ternopil Oblast). Thus, slightly modifying the Bible verse, Hab. Rabbi Yaakov-Koppel's family, the Hagers, were Sephardic in origin. The Baal Shem Tov's grandchildren, Rabbi Moshe Chaim Ephraim and Rabbi Baruch, once came to gaze upon the Malach. Geni … Baal Shem Tov (BeSH"T) and Hasidic Dynasties. Father of Edel Ashkenazi and Rabbi Tzvi Hirsh Isserles, BESHT son [of Pinsk], Rabbi Yisroel (Israel) ben Eliezer (רבי ישראל בן אליעזר) (August 27, 1698 (18 Elul) – May 22, 1760), also called Israel Baal Shem Tov or Besht, was a Jewish mystical rabbi considered to be the founder of Hasidic Judaism. It is a highly respected and beloved work, and has been reprinted many times. He soon gave up this position in order to conduct a village tavern that his brother-in-law bought for him. Geni Research Links Reprinted within Essential Papers on Hasidism ed, G.D. Hundert ISBN 0-814-73470-7, New York, 1991. These students include: Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne (1710-1784), Rabbi Ze'ev Wolf Kitzes of Medzhybizh (~1685-1788), Rabbi Yechiel Michel of Zlotchov (1721-1786), Rabbi Nachum Twerski of Chernobyl (1730-1797), Rabbi Avraham Gershon of Kitov, brother-in-law of The Baal Shem Tov (1701-1761), Rabbi Ephrayim of Sudylkov (his grandson). In fact, the Besht considered himself and his disciples as mainstream. The same thief soon afterward broke into the house of a very strong man, who, on seeing him enter, kept quite still. These are just … The Succession of Baal Shem Tov's Hasidic Dynasties: Link to JewishGen.org. Rabbi Yitzchok of Drohobych (d. March 11, 1752), disciple of the Baal Shem Tov.. Many years passed and the siddur eventually came into the possession of Reb Moshe of Savron. From the numerous legends connected with his birth it appears that his parents were poor, upright, and pious. During an expedition undertaken by the king, when other counsel failed, and all were disheartened, Eliezer's advice was accepted; and the result was a successful battle of decisive importance. The Baal Shem Tov revealed infinite divine faith, Shneur Zalman drew the faith of Hasidic thought down into intellectual grasp. Genealogy Projects tagged with Baal Shem Tov on the Geni Family Tree « Back to Projects Dashboard. He carried on his … People Projects Discussions Surnames Many years passed and the siddur eventually came into the possession of Reb Moshe of Savron. Better be eliminated!!! By the time he reached adolescence, he had already been granted rabbinic ordination by prestigious rabbis. The Besht's condition was bettered when he took a position as a ritual butcher in Kshilowice, near Iaslowice. They were successful in averting this evil decree, and the Talmud was not burnt. Rabbi Menachem Nachum Twerski of Chernobyl (1730-1797): Rabbi Mordechai Twersky, the Maggid of Chernobyl (1770-1837): Chapin, David A. and Weinstock, Ben, The Road from Letichev: The history and culture of a forgotten Jewish community in Eastern Europe, Volume 1. Reputedly, his teacher the Baal Shem Tov requested that he write his name in the siddur he prayed from, to enable him to mention R. Meir in prayer, and the latter did so. Eliezer was made a general and afterward prime minister, and the king gave him the daughter of the viceroy in marriage. Rav Gutstein, a descendant of the Baal Shem Tov served in Ottynia, a small Galician town in Ukraine prior to arriving in New York. Grand Rabbi Yisrael Baal Shem Tov - founder of Hasidism.. Grand Rebbe Dov Ber of Mezeritch - the Maggid (Preacher) of Mezritch - disciple of the Baal Shem Tov.. Grand Rebbe Elimelech of Lizhensk - author of Noam Elimelech - disciple of the Maggid of Mezritsh.. Grand Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin - the Chozeh (Seer) of Lublin - … 94–98, 546–554. Udl was born in 1720. To him, it was more important to spread light and comfort. When the thief had come near enough, the man caught him and put him in prison, thus depriving him of all opportunity to do further harm. Nevertheless, sin is nothing positive, but is identical with the imperfections of human deeds and thought. This focus on oneness and personal revelation helps earn his mystical interpretation of Judaism the title of panentheism. List of Hasidic Dynasties Wikipedia As a man of the people and for the people, it is not strange that he should have been honored and glorified in story and in tradition. True worship of God, as above explained, consists in, the cleaving to, and the unification with, God. Eliminate this marriage, and you eliminate all the Rosenbergs as Baal Shem descendants. His following gradually increased, and with it the dislike, not to say hostility, of the Talmudists. He considered care of the body as necessary as care of the soul; since matter is also a manifestation of God, and must not be considered as hostile or opposed to Him. The sinner who repents of his sin should not become distraught over the past, but should rejoice over the Heavenly Voice, over the Divine Power, working within him and enabling him to recognize the true in admitting his sin. At school, he distinguished himself only by his frequent disappearances, being always found in the lonely woods surrounding the place, rapturously enjoying the beauties of nature. The descendants of Rabbi Naftali Tzvi “Reb Hershele dem Baal Shem’s” of Tiberias, a relatively obscure branch of the Baal Shem Tov’s family tree. On the opposite side of the coin, the Baal Shem Tov warned the Hasidim: Amalek is still alive today.…Every time you experience a worry or doubt about how God is running the world—that's Amalek launching an attack against your soul. Also, as far as Wikipedia is concerned, JTA, as well as several other reliable news sources that make … More important to him than prayer was a friendly relationship with sinners; though the former constituted an essential factor in the religious life. When I read that, I shivered. History Spiritual lineage of the Ziditshov dynasty. It was only in keeping with Besht's character that he welcomed baptism by the Frankists as an end to its threat to mainstream Judaism of the day, for it is related that he said: "As long as a diseased limb is connected with the body, there is hope that it may be saved; but, once amputated, it is gone, and there is no hope." Nadvorna is a Hasidic rabbinical dynasty within ultra-Orthodox Judaism.The dynasty derives its name from the town of Nadvorna, known in Ukrainian as Nadvirna.The town was located in the province of East Galicia (near the Carpathian Mountains) in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until World War I; and between the two world wars, the town was located in eastern Poland (today, it … Add your article. Schochet, Jacob Immanuel, Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov, Liebermann, Toronto 1961, Schochet, Jacob Immanuel, Tzava'at Harivash - The Testament of Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov (annotated English translation with an introduction on the history and impact of this work and the controversy it evoked in the battle between Hasidism and its opponents), Kehot, Brooklyn NY 1998, Schochet, Jacob Immanuel, The Mystical Dimension, 3 volumes, Kehot, Brooklyn NY 1990 (2nd ed. The little biographical information about the Besht comes from oral traditions handed down by his students and from the legendary tales about his life and behavior collected in Shivḥei ha-Besht. Nevertheless, Besht was supported at the beginning of his career by two prominent Talmudists, the brothers Meïr and Isaac Dov Margalios. The century prior to his birth was one of great upheavals. ;ar, v. 500–504, 553–554, Rodkinson, Toledot Ba'ale Shem-Tov;ob, Königsberg, 1876, Schechter, Studies in Judaism, 1896, pp. It was very common for European Jews to use both the Hebrew and Yiddish words when naming after an animal. A. Kahana, Rabbi Yisrael Ba'al Shem, Jitomir, 1900, D. Kohan, in Ha-Sh. 4. Most people still believe he was a holy man – a British counterpart to the Baal Shem Tov haKadosh of Medzhibozh. Jewish Community of Brody In celebration of the town of Brody , Austria, present day Ukraine, and the people who came from there, particularly those who died in the Holocaust. For Besht's methods of teaching, the following works are especially valuable: Jacob Joseph ha-Kohen, Toldot Yaakov Yosef, Likutim Yekarim (Likut) - a collection of Hasidic doctrines, Tzava'at Harivash, guidelines, doctrines and instructions for religio-ethical conduct. The followers of Luria considered weeping an indispensable accompaniment to prayer; while Besht considered unrestrained weeping and feelings of sorrow to be wholly objectionable. Genealogy for Rabbi Eliezer of Okopy, Father of Baal Shem Tov (c.1668 - 1703) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. This panentheism would have been ignored, had Besht not been a man of the people. Later he won over great and universally recognized rabbinic authorities who became his disciples and attested to both his scholarship and saintliness. Eliezer and his wife Sarah, however, reached old age childless and had given up all hope of ever having a child. 'Yisroel Ber' is a combination of the name of Rabbi Yisroel Bal Shem Tov, founding father of the Hasidic movement and his main student and successor, Rabbi Dov Ber the Maggid of Mezeritch. Rosman discovered numerous legal documents that shed light on this period from the Polish Czartoryski noble family archives. Both texts have now appeared in critical annotated editions with extensive corrections of the texts. Zachariasz was born on July 15 1841, in Piotrków Trybunalski, פולין. Besht did not combat the practice of rabbinical Judaism; it was the spirit of the practice which he opposed. מסופר, שכאשר מרן הבעש"ט זי"ע רמז שעוד ישתדך עם הרה"ק רבי נחמן מהורודענקא זי"ע, הוציא לו רבי נחמן "ספר יוחסין" עד דוד המלך ע"ה, להראות לו גודל יחוסו. He has been writing, researching, and editing for Chabad.org since 2006, when he received his rabbinic degree from Central … The book was published in Zalkevo, 1794, more than thirty years after Rabbi Israel's passing. The Baal Shem Tov’s Legacy. Rav Meir journeyed often to the Baal Shem Tov, who showed special affection for Rav Meir and his brother Harav Yitzchak Dov Ber. כי כידוע היה המהרש"ל חוטר מגזע רש"י, שהתייחס לבית דוד. Not that Besht required the abrogation of any religious ceremonies or of a single observance. An article in EJ on Abraham ben Hayyim of Lublin, Poland who died in 1762, a grandson of ISSER, whose son … Several of the Besht's cohorts in his stories from Shivhei HaBesht also appear in Polish court records, notably, Wolf Kitses and David Purkes. The Baal Shem Tov's grandchildren, Rabbi Moshe Chaim Ephraim and Rabbi Baruch, once came to gaze upon the Malach. (I wrote a lot about this in the articles about the Vilna Gaon, here and here.) This proof of his true love for God won pardon for his sin, though at the expense of severe punishment. There are many others in this tree. Twerski/Twersky family. Rabbi Yaakov-Koppel's Yahrzeit,15 Elul, begins tonight at sunset. Genealogy for Baal Shem tov Besht (deceased) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. The SHAPIRA שפירא lineage; c. The HALEVI HOROWITZ הורוויץ הלוי lineage. He died in Medzhybizh,(Ukrainian: Меджибіж, Polish: Międzybórz, Międzyborz or Międzybóż, Yiddish: מעזשביזש), which had once been part of Lithuania, then Turkey, Poland and Russia, and is also now in Ukraine, in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast. While the Besht was alive, there was very little antagonism between different styles of Judaism (Talmudism and Hasidism). After being questioned for a long time as to his strange conduct, he confessed his race to the princess, who loaded him with costly presents and aided him to escape to his own country. One day an important visitor, one of the Meir Ne sivim's grandsons, happened to visit him. After many trips in Podolia and Volhynia as a Baal Shem, Besht, considering his following large enough and his authority established, decided (about 1740) to expound his teachings in the shtetl of Medzhybizh and people, mostly from the spiritual elite, came to listen to him. Geni World Family Tree; U.S. Public Records Index; Piotrków Trybunalski Poland Deaths, 1808 - 1888; Israel Genealogy Research Association - IGRA; View all records MyHeritage Family Trees. Tiberius at the time had a Jewish population of roughly 100 families. Genealogy for R' Joel Heilprin, Baal Shem I, ABD Ostrog, Lvov (c.1635 - d.) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Israel ben Eliezer - Baal Shem Tov, Besht Main Copy (YLG) For reference: Baal Shem Tov's Legacy: List of Hasidic Dynasties: Link to Wikipedia; Twerski/Twersky family - Chernobyl /Skver Hassidic Dynasty . Among the inner circle of the Baal Shem Tov's disciples, Rabbi Yaakov-Koppel "Chassid" Hager of Kolomyia (1730-1787) held a special position. together they had three famous children: In the shabby clothes of a peasant he presented himself at Brody before Abraham Gershon of Kitov (Kuty), brother of the girl, head of a rabbinical court in Brody, and a recognized authority in the Kabbalah and the Talmud. In addition, the source referenced as note 3, a primary source from a book of Stein's grandfather, PUBLISHED BY HER FATHER, hence a solid primary source connection to her. He studied philosophical works, especially those from the Middle Ages, and was influenced by them. "Besht" is the acronym for Baal Shem Tov, which means "Master of the Good Name" or "one with a good reputation". But back in 1700, the only people who were hassids were followers of Shabtai Tzvi. The Baal Shem Tov took his siddur, turned to that blessing, and laid it bef ore him. The initial aim is to find links to the profiles of the venerable scholars listed and then add them to appropriate Geni Project... Geni requires JavaScript! … The chief source for the Besht's biography is Ber (Dov) ben Shmuel's Shivchei ha-Besht, Kopys, 1814, and frequently republished, and traditions recorded in the works of various Hassidic dynasties - especially by the leaders of the Chabad movement. Bio Information: (I was going to try and show how … It may be said of Hasidism that there is no other Jewish sect in which the founder is as important as his doctrines. “They say you can perform miracles and can even read people’s minds,” he began. Rabbi Gutstein moved from Newport to Chicago in the 1940’s. Satan had been very much perturbed when he saw that the prayers of the children reached God, who took more delight in the childish songs from their pure hearts than in the hymns of the Levites in the Temple in Jerusalem; and it was for this reason that Satan tried to put a stop to Besht's training the children in prayers and taking them to synagogue. Even more interestingly, the Vilna Gaon is said to have also had a daughter called Khana…. It should also be noted that the Maharsha, Rav Shmuel Eliezer HaLevi Eidels (d.1631) as well as the Chief Rabbi of Ostrog, Rav Meir Margolis (d. 1790) are buried in the same cemetery. At this time, too, according to chasidic tradition, he learned how to work miracles with the name of God. For reference: List of Hasidic Dynasties: Link to Wikipedia. Academic disciplines Business Concepts Crime Culture Economy Education Energy Events Food and drink Geography Government Health Human behavior Humanities … Among the inner circle of the Baal Shem Tov's disciples, Rabbi Yaakov-Koppel "Chassid" Hager of Kolomyia (1730-1787) held a special position. Israel ben Eliezer and Chana had two children: Udl and Zvi Hersh. These are just a few "starting points", to which many people are able to trace their families. A city, where wisdom and wealth, Torah and understanding, commerce and faith are united - Nachman Krochmal , in a letter to Isaac Erter 1961 Persecutions of Jews in Eastern Europe were quite common, bringing much suffering. In Likkutei Sichos talks, the 7th Rebbe equates the Hasidic Rebbes followed in Chabad with different Sephirot divine manifestations: the Baal Shem Tov with Keter infinite faith, Shneur Zalman with Chokhmah wisdom, the 2nd Chabad Rebbe … The two celebrated brothers sat down and signed their names in it by the margin of "Shomeia Tefilo". From the very beginning Besht fought against that contempt for the world which, through the influence of Isaac Luria's Kabbalah, had almost become a dogma among the Jews. cvii., ascribed to him (Zhitomir, 1804), Sefer mi-Rabbi Yisrael Ba'al Shem-tov, may not be genuine. Rabinowicz, Tzvi M. The Encyclopedia of Hasidism: ISBN 1-56821-123-6 Jason Aronson, Inc., 1996. Buxbaum, Y, Light and Fire of the Baal Shem Tov, ISBN 0-826-41772-8, Continuum International Publishing Group, NY, 2005 (420 pp). DEGEL MACHNE EPHRAIM (ASHKENAZY) 4. The Baal Shem Tov himself, when directly confronted, would respond by refuting these charges, but did not allow himself to be drawn into public arguments and fights. The title Baal Shem Tov is usually translated into English as "Master of the Good Name", with Tov ("Good") modifying Shem ("[Divine] Name"), although it is more correctly understood as a combination of Baal Shem ("Master of the [Divine] Name") and Tov (an honorific epithet to the man). His Ancestry מסופר, שכאשר מרן הבעש"ט זי"ע רמז שעוד ישתדך עם הרה"ק רבי נחמן מהורודענקא זי"ע, הוציא לו רבי נחמן "ספר יוחסין" עד דוד המלך ע"ה, להראות לו גודל יחוסו. By Menachem Posner. You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: There are many others in this tree. About his parentage, legend tells that his father, Eliezer, whose wife was still living, was seized during an attack (by the Tatars perhaps), carried from his home in Wallachia, and sold as a slave to a prince. Source JewishGen 1 to his parents Shlomo Isaac and Rivka Shindal Odesser. List of rabbis. Such a state produces indescribable bliss, which is the foremost fruit of the true worship of God. He was the son of Rabbi Avraham Abba Shapiro and Sora Rochel Shapiro. Besht ever remained true to this injunction. The Baal Shem Tov Yisrael ben Eliezer (c. 1698–1760), known as the Baal Shem Tov or Besht, was a Jewish mystical rabbi considered to be the founder of Chassidic Judaism. Pinchas Shapiro of Koretz(Hebrew: פִּנְחָס בֵּן אַבְרָהָם אַבָּא שַׁפִירָא מִקוֹרִיץ;1726 – 10 September 1791) was a GalicianChasidicrabbiand disciple of the Baal Shem Tov. עיין 'סדד הדורות' – ערך ר' יוחנן הסנדלר", עכ"ל. Tzefas and Tiberias were the centers of the study of Kabbalah that was taught by the saintly Ari and his disciple … However, the man who is capable of this feeling is endowed with a genuine intuition, and it is the perception of such a man which is called prophecy, according to the degree of his insight. At the same time however, the defeated Frankists were then forced to convert to Christianity. Because of his recognized honesty and his knowledge of human nature, he was chosen to act as arbitrator and mediator for people conducting suits against each other; and his services were brought into frequent requisition because the Jews had their own civil courts in Poland. Medzhybizh became the seat of the movement and of the Medzybizh Hasidic dynasty. The Baal Shem Tov directly imparted his teachings to his students, some of whom founded their own respective Hasidic dynasties. The MARGALIOT מרגליות lineage; b. It literally makes me nauseous to think of sincere … Curious to get to know the mysterious man about whom so much had been said, Rabbi Meir asked the Baal Shem Tov to disembark so that they could speak. When man speaks, said Besht, he should remember that his speech is an element of life, and that life itself is a manifestation of God. His teachings concerning "joy" (simcha) were especially opposed to asceticism. He was a member of the famous Israeli group Ktzat Acheret. 'Dov' means 'bear' in Hebrew and 'Ber' is its equivalent in Yiddish. Gitla was born on July 15 1841, in Piotrkow Trybunalski, Poland. These are just a few "starting points", to which many people are able to trace their families. Some direct historical evidence remains of the Besht during the days he lived in Medzhybizh. Baal Shem Tov (BeSH"T) Isroel ben Eliezer "Baal Shem Tov": The Succession of Baal Shem Tov’s Hasidic Dynasties: Twerski/Twersky family. Besht is better known to many religious Jews as "the holy Baal Shem" (der heyliger baal shem in Yiddish), or most commonly, the Baal Shem Tov (בעל שם טוב) . Credit: Asher Lowy, Lakewood, NJ . It is wrong to look with desire upon a woman; but it is divine to admire her beauty: it is wrong only insofar as man does not regard beauty as a manifestation of God, but misconceives it, and thinks of it in reference to himself. For reference: List of Hasidic Dynasties: Link to Wikipedia. In his enthusiasm, man will not think either of this life or of the next: the feeling of union with God is in itself a means and an end. He is considered to be the founder of Hasidic Judaism (see also Mezhbizh Hasidic dynasty). These are just a few "starting points", to which many people are able to trace their families. Thus, on one occasion, when he was escorting schoolchildren to synagogue, a wolf was seen, to the terror of old and young, so that the children were kept at home. All Rabbi Meir could do was share the Baal Shem Tov’s words with the villagers, thus restoring the tavernkeeper’s good name. ISBN 0-595-00666-3 iUniverse, Lincoln, NE, 2000. When the founder of chassidut, the holy Baal Shem Tov showed up in 1698 (until 1760), we were into the next stage of revealing a new direction for yiddishkeit – one that was greeted with tremendous suspicion by many in the Jewish community. Fear of God is only an initiatory step to real worship, which must spring from a love of God and a surrender of self to Him. The talk … When the Baal Shem realized he is causing the Noda BeYehuda to stop learning Torah, he stopped coming. Biography. The Baal Shem Tov’s Servant 357 The Bagel The Baker’s Apprentice and the Magic Cup The Bishop of Salzburg and the Rabbi of Regensburg The Black Cat The Bookseller The Boy Who Gave God the Whole Prayer Book The Boy Who Was Sold to Be Sacrificed The Bride and the Angel of Death The Bride Who Was Sold to a Prince The Bridegroom, His Wedding, and His Death The … Besht took sides with the Talmudists in their disputes against the Frankists (Jacob Frank's cultist movement that considered Frank the Messiah incarnate). נענה מרן הבעש"ט זי"ע והוציא לו גם הוא את "ספר היוחסין" שלו עד דוד המלך ע"ה… [%D7%A9%D7%A9"%D7%A7 - ברסלב, ח"ב, אות ש"ג]. Isroel ben Eliezer "Baal Shem Tov": List of Hasidic Dynasties on Wikipedia: The Succession of Baal Shem Tov's Hasidic Dynasties on JewishGen.org: Twerski/Twersky family. Home People People by status Living people S Shem Tov Levi. Since every act in life is a manifestation of God, and must perforce be divine, it is man's duty so to live that the things called "earthly" may also become noble and pure, that is, divine. A city, where wisdom and wealth, Torah and understanding, … Rabbi … Naturally, then, it was his chief endeavor to convince sinners that God stood as near to them as to the righteous, and that their misdeeds were chiefly the consequences of their folly. In order to get at his teachings, it is therefore necessary to turn to his utterances as given in the works of his disciples Hasidim. You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The Succession of Baal Shem Tov's Hasidic Dynasties on JewishGen.org: Link. When the Baal Shem Tov would be in his city, he would stop by to visit R’ Yecheskel, who would personally wait on him, to fulfill the mitzva of hachnosas orchim. In return for their kindness Besht, when departing, promised them that they should be blessed with a son, and rendered this possible by the utterance of the Sacred Name. The two celebrated brothers sat down and signed their names in it by the margin of "Shomeia Tefilo". Timeline List of Hasidic Leaders Wikipedia In his enthusiasm and ecstasy he believed that he often had heavenly visions revealing his mission to him. Eliezer Louis (Eliezer Layosh ben Yaakov Goodmann Gutmann) Goodmann (born Goodman (Guttman)), 1881 - 1937 Eliezer Louis (Eliezer Layosh ben Yaakov Goodmann Gutmann) … Congregation '' ) or the leader of all worship services but brief, Hasidic interpretations of the practice of Judaism. The 1940 ’ s Hasidic Dynasties: Link studied philosophical works, especially those from Polish. Servant, o Israel, in Ha-Sh – 1786 ), disciple of the practice of rabbinical Judaism it... 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