Current File : /var/www/html/diaspora/api_internal/public/topics/cache/9797a7addae4d36d99bcdf6b1c1e00eb
a:5:{s:8:"template";s:9093:"<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"/>
<title>{{ keyword }}</title>
<link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C300%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C800italic%2C700italic%2C600italic%2C400italic%2C300italic&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext" id="electro-fonts-css" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">@charset "UTF-8";.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;line-height:.68;font-weight:100;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;font-style:normal}.wc-block-product-categories__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):hover{background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #e2e4e7,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff,0 1px 1px rgba(25,30,35,.2)}.wc-block-product-categories__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):active{outline:0;background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #ccd0d4,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff}.wc-block-product-search .wc-block-product-search__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):hover{background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #e2e4e7,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff,0 1px 1px rgba(25,30,35,.2)}.wc-block-product-search .wc-block-product-search__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):active{outline:0;background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #ccd0d4,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff} @font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:300;src:local('Open Sans Light Italic'),local('OpenSans-LightItalic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/memnYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUKWyV9hlIqY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('Open Sans Italic'),local('OpenSans-Italic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem6YaGs126MiZpBA-UFUK0Xdcg.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:600;src:local('Open Sans SemiBold Italic'),local('OpenSans-SemiBoldItalic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/memnYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUKXGUdhlIqY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:local('Open Sans Bold Italic'),local('OpenSans-BoldItalic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/memnYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUKWiUNhlIqY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:800;src:local('Open Sans ExtraBold Italic'),local('OpenSans-ExtraBoldItalic'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/memnYaGs126MiZpBA-UFUKW-U9hlIqY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:300;src:local('Open Sans Light'),local('OpenSans-Light'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem5YaGs126MiZpBA-UN_r8OXOhs.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Open Sans Regular'),local('OpenSans-Regular'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem8YaGs126MiZpBA-UFW50e.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;src:local('Open Sans SemiBold'),local('OpenSans-SemiBold'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem5YaGs126MiZpBA-UNirkOXOhs.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:local('Open Sans Bold'),local('OpenSans-Bold'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem5YaGs126MiZpBA-UN7rgOXOhs.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:800;src:local('Open Sans ExtraBold'),local('OpenSans-ExtraBold'),url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem5YaGs126MiZpBA-UN8rsOXOhs.ttf) format('truetype')} html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}footer,header{display:block}a{background-color:transparent}a:active{outline:0}a:hover{outline:0}@media print{*,::after,::before{text-shadow:none!important;-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}a,a:visited{text-decoration:underline}}html{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}*,::after,::before{-webkit-box-sizing:inherit;box-sizing:inherit}@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}@viewport{width:device-width}html{font-size:16px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}body{font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;color:#373a3c;background-color:#fff}[tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0!important}ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem}a{color:#0275d8;text-decoration:none}a:focus,a:hover{color:#014c8c;text-decoration:underline}a:focus{outline:thin dotted;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;outline-offset:-2px}a{-ms-touch-action:manipulation;touch-action:manipulation}.container{padding-right:.9375rem;padding-left:.9375rem;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.container::after{display:table;clear:both;content:""}@media (min-width:544px){.container{max-width:576px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:940px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}.nav{padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}@media (max-width:1199px){.hidden-lg-down{display:none!important}} @media (max-width:568px){.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding-bottom:0}}.footer-bottom-widgets{background-color:#f8f8f8;padding:4.143em 0 5.714em 0}.copyright-bar{background-color:#eaeaea;padding:.78em 0}.copyright-bar .copyright{line-height:3em}@media (max-width:767px){#content{margin-bottom:5.714em}}@media (max-width:991px){.site-footer{padding-bottom:60px}}.electro-compact .footer-bottom-widgets{padding:4.28em 0 4.44em 0}.electro-compact .copyright-bar{padding:.1em 0}.off-canvas-wrapper{width:100%;overflow-x:hidden;position:relative;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:auto}.nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}@media (max-width:991.98px){.footer-v2{padding-bottom:0}}body:not(.electro-v1) .site-content-inner{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.site-content{margin-bottom:2.857em}.masthead{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px;align-items:center}.header-logo-area{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.masthead .header-logo-area{position:relative;width:100%;min-height:1px;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}@media (min-width:768px){.masthead .header-logo-area{flex:0 0 25%;max-width:25%}}.masthead .header-logo-area{min-width:300px;max-width:300px}.desktop-footer .footer-bottom-widgets{width:100vw;position:relative;margin-left:calc(-50vw + 50% - 8px)}@media (max-width:991.98px){.desktop-footer .footer-bottom-widgets{margin-left:calc(-50vw + 50%)}}.desktop-footer .footer-bottom-widgets .footer-bottom-widgets-inner{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.desktop-footer .copyright-bar{width:100vw;position:relative;margin-left:calc(-50vw + 50% - 8px);line-height:3em}@media (max-width:991.98px){.desktop-footer .copyright-bar{margin-left:calc(-50vw + 50%)}}.desktop-footer .copyright-bar::after{display:block;clear:both;content:""}.desktop-footer .copyright-bar .copyright{float:left}.desktop-footer .copyright-bar .payment{float:right}@media (max-width:991.98px){.footer-v2{padding-bottom:0}}@media (max-width:991.98px){.footer-v2 .desktop-footer{display:none}}</style>
</head>
<body class="theme-electro woocommerce-no-js right-sidebar blog-default electro-compact wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-5.4.7 vc_responsive">
<div class="off-canvas-wrapper">
<div class="hfeed site" id="page">
<header class="header-v2 stick-this site-header" id="masthead">
<div class="container hidden-lg-down">
<div class="masthead"><div class="header-logo-area"> <div class="header-site-branding">
<h1>
{{ keyword }}
</h1>
</div>
</div><div class="primary-nav-menu electro-animate-dropdown"><ul class="nav nav-inline yamm" id="menu-secondary-nav"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-4315" id="menu-item-4315"><a href="#" title="Home">Home</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4911" id="menu-item-4911"><a href="#" title="About">About</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4912" id="menu-item-4912"><a href="#" title="Contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul></div> </div><div class="electro-navbar">
<div class="container">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="site-content" id="content" tabindex="-1">
<div class="container">
<div class="site-content-inner">
{{ text }}
</div> </div>
</div>
<footer class="site-footer footer-v2" id="colophon">
<div class="desktop-footer container">
<div class="footer-bottom-widgets">
<div class="container">
<div class="footer-bottom-widgets-inner">
{{ links }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="copyright-bar">
<div class="container">
<div class="copyright">{{ keyword }} 2020</div>
<div class="payment"></div>
</div>
</div></div>
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>";s:4:"text";s:5162:"The 1970s saw the emergence of literature that was anti-establishment and dealt with the concerns of rapid industrialization, such as the neglect of farmers. Many expressions of the late Joseon period, with their focus on self-reliance and independence, were no longer possible. The Goryeo songs are characterized by their lack of clear form, and by their increased length. Korean and Dravidian, including the SOV word-order. These texts were first recorded in the 19th century as verse, but the written forms were later expanded into p'ansori fiction, widely read among the common people. Because Chinese characters are a Chinese invention, there have been times in Korea's history when efforts were made to exclude literature … Hyangga are characterized by a number of formal rules. The most representative plays are the sandae kuk genre of Yangju, the pyolsin kut of Hahoe, and the okwangdae nori (five-actor play) of Chinju. Each listing links to a more comprehensive description of the form along with an example poem using the form. As part of the Korea Cultural Programme this April, Brother Anthony will be speaking about Korean literature at the British Library on Tuesday, 8 April. For the most part, these legends were passed down in the form of festival ceremonial observances focused on the worship of heaven. The characters—Pak Ch'omji, governor of P'yongam, Kkoktukaksi, Buddhist monk, and Hong Tongji—dance and sing, enacting familiar tales that expose the malfeasance of the ruling classes. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Definition, Forms And Types. Narratives include myths, legends, and folktales found in the written records. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Although based on older traditional songs, it was composed in its present form in the 1870s by the pansori writer, and characterized by human stereotypes of ordinary people of the time. Thus, their portrayal of the customs, manners, and spirit of the times in which they were composed make these writings an essential part of Korean prose. The principal sources of these narratives are the two great historical records compiled in Classical Chinese during the Koryo era: Samguk sagi (1146; "Historical Record of the Three Kingdoms") and Samguk yusa (1285; "Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms"). Traditional forms and genres Poetry. historical development Written historical data on early forms of the Korean language are scarce and cannot be traced far back. In the 1960s many South Korean writers started to reject post-war literature as sentimental escapism. Sinchesi (hangul: 신체시, literally "new poetry") was established, and contributed to the formation of modern free verse poetry which is called Jayusi (hangul: 자유시). Oral literature includes all texts that were orally transmitted from generation to generation until the invention of Hangul (han'gul)--ballads, legends, mask plays, puppet-show texts, and p'ansori ("story singing") texts. The first western-influenced work was perhaps the 1885 manuscript of 60, 리기영 in North Korean orthography, 이기영 Yi Kee-Yeoung, in South Korean orthography, "KOREAN LITERATURE CHAPTER SIX: TRANSITION – ENLIGHTENMENT FICTION AND THE 'NEW' NOVEL", Korean Fiction in Translation, by Dr. Bruce Fulton, Korea Literature Translation Institute (LTI Korea), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korean_literature&oldid=981399135, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 October 2020, at 02:19. “Hwangjo ka,” which is thought to be the first lyric poem in Korean literature, evokes the personal loneliness of the unfortunate Koguryŏ king Yuri. LITERATURE – In this topic, we are going to know and learn about literature, its meaning, forms and types, and the meanings of each. Songs about nature, such as “Sŏnunsan” (“Sŏnun Mountain”), “Mudŭngsan” (“Mudŭng Mountain”), “Pangdŭngsan” (“Pangdŭng Mountain”), and “Chirisan” (“Chiri Mountain”), were popular in Paekche. India 3. Most of the Goryeo songs were transmitted orally and many survived into the Joseon period, when some of them were written down using hangul. Most of this fiction was based on the narratives mentioned above, the author adding incidents and characters to the original story. Gojoseon, according to Korean mythology as recounted in the 13th-century CE Samguk yusa ('Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms'), was founded in 2333 BCE by Dangun Wanggeom (aka Tangun) who was the offspring of the god Hwanung and a female bear transformed into a woman. Although the origin of these plays is uncertain, they are generally presumed to have developed from primitive communal ceremonies. Although its poetic form was established in the late Goryeo period, it did not become popular until the Joseon period. The texts evolved gradually from the legends, which provided their sources and were altered and expanded as they were passed from one performer to another. ";s:7:"keyword";s:23:"korean literature forms";s:5:"links";s:1195:"<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/starbucks-doubleshot-on-ice-review-efd603">Starbucks Doubleshot On Ice Review</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/class-in-a-sentence-biology-efd603">Class In A Sentence Biology</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/converse-one-star-platform-suede-low-top-efd603">Converse One Star Platform Suede Low Top</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/toyota-corolla-2004-hatchback-specs-efd603">Toyota Corolla 2004 Hatchback Specs</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/social-studies-in-early-childhood-development-efd603">Social Studies In Early Childhood Development</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/gravel-stabilisation-grids-efd603">Gravel Stabilisation Grids</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/how-to-fix-justified-text-in-indesign-efd603">How To Fix Justified Text In Indesign</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/wood-screen-door-with-dog-door-efd603">Wood Screen Door With Dog Door</a>,
<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/topics/what-are-the-4-types-of-forests-efd603">What Are The 4 Types Of Forests</a>,
";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}
Mini Shell