%PDF- %PDF-
Direktori : /var/www/html/diaspora/api_internal/public/lbfc/cache/ |
Current File : /var/www/html/diaspora/api_internal/public/lbfc/cache/99be286a2874148f51dd6c6898402918 |
a:5:{s:8:"template";s:15011:"<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta content="IE=edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1" name="viewport"> <title>{{ keyword }}</title> <style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">.wc-block-product-categories__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):hover{background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #e2e4e7,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff,0 1px 1px rgba(25,30,35,.2)}.wc-block-product-categories__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):active{outline:0;background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #ccd0d4,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff}.wc-block-product-search .wc-block-product-search__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):hover{background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #e2e4e7,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff,0 1px 1px rgba(25,30,35,.2)}.wc-block-product-search .wc-block-product-search__button:not(:disabled):not([aria-disabled=true]):active{outline:0;background-color:#fff;color:#191e23;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #ccd0d4,inset 0 0 0 2px #fff} *{box-sizing:border-box}.fusion-clearfix{clear:both;zoom:1}.fusion-clearfix:after,.fusion-clearfix:before{content:" ";display:table}.fusion-clearfix:after{clear:both}html{overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:scroll}body{margin:0;color:#747474;min-width:320px;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font:13px/20px PTSansRegular,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif}#wrapper{overflow:visible}a{text-decoration:none}.clearfix:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}a,a:after,a:before{transition-property:color,background-color,border-color;transition-duration:.2s;transition-timing-function:linear}#main{padding:55px 10px 45px;clear:both}.fusion-row{margin:0 auto;zoom:1}.fusion-row:after,.fusion-row:before{content:" ";display:table}.fusion-row:after{clear:both}.fusion-columns{margin:0 -15px}footer,header,main,nav,section{display:block}.fusion-header-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:10010}.fusion-header-sticky-height{display:none}.fusion-header{padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;transition:background-color .25s ease-in-out}.fusion-logo{display:block;float:left;max-width:100%;zoom:1}.fusion-logo:after,.fusion-logo:before{content:" ";display:table}.fusion-logo:after{clear:both}.fusion-logo a{display:block;max-width:100%}.fusion-main-menu{float:right;position:relative;z-index:200;overflow:hidden}.fusion-header-v1 .fusion-main-menu:hover{overflow:visible}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li:last-child{padding-right:0}.fusion-main-menu ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.fusion-main-menu ul a{display:block;box-sizing:content-box}.fusion-main-menu li{float:left;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;cursor:pointer}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li{padding-right:45px}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased}.fusion-main-menu .fusion-dropdown-menu{overflow:hidden}.fusion-caret{margin-left:9px}.fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern .fusion-header>.fusion-row{position:relative}body:not(.fusion-header-layout-v6) .fusion-header{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:none}.fusion-footer-widget-area{overflow:hidden;position:relative;padding:43px 10px 40px;border-top:12px solid #e9eaee;background:#363839;color:#8c8989;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden}.fusion-footer-widget-area .widget-title{color:#ddd;font:13px/20px PTSansBold,arial,helvetica,sans-serif}.fusion-footer-widget-area .widget-title{margin:0 0 28px;text-transform:uppercase}.fusion-footer-widget-column{margin-bottom:50px}.fusion-footer-widget-column:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.fusion-footer-copyright-area{z-index:10;position:relative;padding:18px 10px 12px;border-top:1px solid #4b4c4d;background:#282a2b}.fusion-copyright-content{display:table;width:100%}.fusion-copyright-notice{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;padding:0;color:#8c8989;font-size:12px}.fusion-body p.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{font-size:5.5em}p.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;line-height:.68;font-weight:100;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase;font-style:normal}:root{--button_padding:11px 23px;--button_font_size:13px;--button_line_height:16px}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'Antic Slab';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Antic Slab Regular'),local('AnticSlab-Regular'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/anticslab/v8/bWt97fPFfRzkCa9Jlp6IacVcWQ.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'Open Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('Open Sans Regular'),local('OpenSans-Regular'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v17/mem8YaGs126MiZpBA-UFVZ0e.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'PT Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:local('PT Sans Italic'),local('PTSans-Italic'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ptsans/v11/jizYRExUiTo99u79D0e0x8mN.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'PT Sans';font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:local('PT Sans Bold Italic'),local('PTSans-BoldItalic'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ptsans/v11/jizdRExUiTo99u79D0e8fOydLxUY.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'PT Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:local('PT Sans'),local('PTSans-Regular'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ptsans/v11/jizaRExUiTo99u79D0KEwA.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:'PT Sans';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:local('PT Sans Bold'),local('PTSans-Bold'),url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/ptsans/v11/jizfRExUiTo99u79B_mh0O6tKA.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:block}html:not(.avada-html-layout-boxed):not(.avada-html-layout-framed),html:not(.avada-html-layout-boxed):not(.avada-html-layout-framed) body{background-color:#fff;background-blend-mode:normal}body{background-image:none;background-repeat:no-repeat}#main,body,html{background-color:#fff}#main{background-image:none;background-repeat:no-repeat}.fusion-header-wrapper .fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.fusion-header .fusion-row{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}a:hover{color:#74a6b6}.fusion-footer-widget-area{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;padding-top:43px;padding-bottom:40px;background-color:#363839;border-top-width:12px;border-color:#e9eaee;background-size:initial;background-position:center center;color:#8c8989}.fusion-footer-widget-area>.fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.fusion-footer-copyright-area{padding-top:18px;padding-bottom:16px;background-color:#282a2b;border-top-width:1px;border-color:#4b4c4d}.fusion-footer-copyright-area>.fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.fusion-footer footer .fusion-row .fusion-columns{display:block;-ms-flex-flow:wrap;flex-flow:wrap}.fusion-footer footer .fusion-columns{margin:0 calc((15px) * -1)}.fusion-footer footer .fusion-columns .fusion-column{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.fusion-footer-widget-area .widget-title{font-family:"PT Sans";font-size:13px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:0;font-style:normal;color:#ddd}.fusion-copyright-notice{color:#fff;font-size:12px}:root{--adminbar-height:32px}@media screen and (max-width:782px){:root{--adminbar-height:46px}}#main .fusion-row,.fusion-footer-copyright-area .fusion-row,.fusion-footer-widget-area .fusion-row,.fusion-header-wrapper .fusion-row{max-width:1100px}html:not(.avada-has-site-width-percent) #main,html:not(.avada-has-site-width-percent) .fusion-footer-copyright-area,html:not(.avada-has-site-width-percent) .fusion-footer-widget-area{padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px}#main{padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-top:55px;padding-bottom:0}.fusion-sides-frame{display:none}.fusion-header .fusion-logo{margin:31px 0 31px 0}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li{padding-right:30px}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a{border-color:transparent}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a:not(.fusion-logo-link):not(.fusion-icon-sliding-bar):hover{border-color:#74a6b6}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a:not(.fusion-logo-link):hover{color:#74a6b6}body:not(.fusion-header-layout-v6) .fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a{height:84px}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a{font-family:"Open Sans";font-weight:400;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;font-style:normal}.fusion-main-menu>ul>li>a{color:#333}body{font-family:"PT Sans";font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;font-style:normal}body{font-size:15px}body{line-height:1.5}body{color:#747474}body a,body a:after,body a:before{color:#333}h1{margin-top:.67em;margin-bottom:.67em}.fusion-widget-area h4{font-family:"Antic Slab";font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:0;font-style:normal}.fusion-widget-area h4{font-size:13px}.fusion-widget-area h4{color:#333}h4{margin-top:1.33em;margin-bottom:1.33em}body:not(:-moz-handler-blocked) .avada-myaccount-data .addresses .title @media only screen and (max-width:800px){}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern.fusion-header-v1 .fusion-header{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern.fusion-header-v1 .fusion-header .fusion-row{width:100%}.fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern.fusion-header-v1 .fusion-logo{margin:0!important}.fusion-header .fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.fusion-header-wrapper .fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:100%}.fusion-footer-copyright-area>.fusion-row,.fusion-footer-widget-area>.fusion-row{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern.fusion-header-v1 .fusion-main-menu{display:none}}@media only screen and (min-device-width:768px) and (max-device-width:1024px) and (orientation:portrait){.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.fusion-column{margin-right:0}#wrapper{width:auto!important}.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column{width:50%!important;float:left!important}.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:nth-of-type(2n+1){clear:both}#footer>.fusion-row,.fusion-header .fusion-row{padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}#main,.fusion-footer-widget-area,body{background-attachment:scroll!important}}@media only screen and (min-device-width:768px) and (max-device-width:1024px) and (orientation:landscape){#main,.fusion-footer-widget-area,body{background-attachment:scroll!important}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.fusion-columns .fusion-column{width:100%!important;float:none;box-sizing:border-box}.fusion-columns .fusion-column:not(.fusion-column-last){margin:0 0 50px}#wrapper{width:auto!important}.fusion-copyright-notice{display:block;text-align:center}.fusion-copyright-notice{padding:0 0 15px}.fusion-copyright-notice:after{content:"";display:block;clear:both}.fusion-footer footer .fusion-row .fusion-columns .fusion-column{border-right:none;border-left:none}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){#main>.fusion-row{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px){#main,body{background-attachment:scroll!important}}@media only screen and (max-device-width:640px){#wrapper{width:auto!important;overflow-x:hidden!important}.fusion-columns .fusion-column{float:none;width:100%!important;margin:0 0 50px;box-sizing:border-box}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.fusion-columns .fusion-column{width:100%!important;float:none;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.fusion-columns .fusion-column:not(.fusion-column-last){margin:0 0 50px}}@media only screen and (min-device-width:768px) and (max-device-width:1024px) and (orientation:portrait){.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.fusion-column{margin-right:0}.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column{width:50%!important;float:left!important}.fusion-columns-4 .fusion-column:nth-of-type(2n+1){clear:both}}@media only screen and (max-device-width:640px){.fusion-columns .fusion-column{float:none;width:100%!important;margin:0 0 50px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}}</style> </head> <body> <div id="boxed-wrapper"> <div class="fusion-sides-frame"></div> <div class="fusion-wrapper" id="wrapper"> <div id="home" style="position:relative;top:-1px;"></div> <header class="fusion-header-wrapper"> <div class="fusion-header-v1 fusion-logo-alignment fusion-logo-left fusion-sticky-menu- fusion-sticky-logo-1 fusion-mobile-logo-1 fusion-mobile-menu-design-modern"> <div class="fusion-header-sticky-height"></div> <div class="fusion-header"> <div class="fusion-row"> <div class="fusion-logo" data-margin-bottom="31px" data-margin-left="0px" data-margin-right="0px" data-margin-top="31px"> <a class="fusion-logo-link" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 0 }}">{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX 0 }}<h1>{{ keyword }}</h1> </a> </div> <nav aria-label="Main Menu" class="fusion-main-menu"><ul class="fusion-menu" id="menu-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-1436" data-item-id="1436" id="menu-item-1436"><a class="fusion-bar-highlight" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 1 }}"><span class="menu-text">Blog</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14" data-item-id="14" id="menu-item-14"><a class="fusion-bar-highlight" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 2 }}"><span class="menu-text">About</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-706 fusion-dropdown-menu" data-item-id="706" id="menu-item-706"><a class="fusion-bar-highlight" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 3 }}"><span class="menu-text">Tours</span> <span class="fusion-caret"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11" data-item-id="11" id="menu-item-11"><a class="fusion-bar-highlight" href="{{ KEYWORDBYINDEX-ANCHOR 4 }}"><span class="menu-text">Contact</span></a></li></ul></nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> </header> <main class="clearfix " id="main"> <div class="fusion-row" style=""> {{ text }} </div> </main> <div class="fusion-footer"> <footer class="fusion-footer-widget-area fusion-widget-area"> <div class="fusion-row"> <div class="fusion-columns fusion-columns-4 fusion-widget-area"> <div class="fusion-column col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12"> <section class="fusion-footer-widget-column widget widget_synved_social_share" id="synved_social_share-3"><h4 class="widget-title">{{ keyword }}</h4><div> {{ links }} </div><div style="clear:both;"></div></section> </div> <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </footer> <footer class="fusion-footer-copyright-area" id="footer"> <div class="fusion-row"> <div class="fusion-copyright-content"> <div class="fusion-copyright-notice"> <div> {{ keyword }} 2021</div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>";s:4:"text";s:19467:"Resistance to Oxidation Grey Cast Iron is highly resistant to rust, which is formed by the reaction of oxygen and Iron. Found inside – Page 2-10of Grey Cast Iron Grade Applications FG 150 Miscellaneous soft iron castings, in which strength is not of primary consideration, exhaust manifolds FG 200 Small engine cylinder blocks, cylinder heads, air-cooled cylinders, pistons, ... The presence of graphite flakes is due to the addition of silicon, which acts to stabilise carbon in the form of graphite as opposed to iron carbide. gray iron) is a type of iron found in castings known for its grey color and appearance caused by graphite fractures in the material. In certain regions of the world, cast iron piping has been in use for over three centuries. We also use them to provide you more relevant information and improve our platform and search tools. Here, we list the gray iron cast and ductile iron cast price per lb, kg, and a ton from Yide casting foundry. Though steel and stainless steel have replaced several applications of cast iron, it is still widely used, maybe not how much it was used years ago. [Online]. Depending on the silicon content of the cast iron, it is classified as either white cast iron or grey cast iron and may be treated further under particular temperatures to produce malleable or ductile cast iron. It is widely used in stoves, common household goods, tools, building materials, and statuary. Characteristics. Much of the scientific research on this important topic has been inaccessible, scattered throughout the international literature, or unpublished; this volume, although not exhaustive in its coverage, fills an important need by assembling ... Found inside – Page 37Applications of grey iron castings Grades of grey iron suitable for various types of casting Unalloyed grey iron is used for a wide variety of castings . The following table indicates typical grades of iron used for making certain types ... View Answer Explanation. The alloy constituents affect its colour when fractured: white cast iron has carbide impurities which allow cracks to pass straight through, grey cast iron has graphite flakes which deflect a passing crack and initiate countless new cracks as the . It is not recommended to use grey cast iron as a material bearing impact load. Cast Iron is being used in a wide area of industry i.e. [3] S. K. Sarna, "Corrosion of cast irons," ispatguru.com, Jun. Grey Cast Iron will be chosen for these applications based on weight and to some degree heat resistance. Cast iron was originally used to make cookware which is still popular today. Yide Casting is a professional metal casting manufacturer, provides quality grey iron casting parts.. HT castings are gray iron castings, whose graphite form is in the form of flakes, so metal matrix structure elements exit in the grey cast iron with a fragmented state, the effective area of the load is reduced. Cast iron is highly favoured for its ability to be easily cast into complex shapes when molten and for its low cost. Modelling of grey cast iron for application to brake discs for heavy vehicles Gaël Le Gigan, Magnus Ekh, Tore Vernersson, and Roger Lundén Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 2016 231 : 1 , 35-49 Ductile cast iron is commonly classified as ASTM A536. Consisting of iron with more than 2% carbon, cast iron is a versatile metal that's used in a wide range of consumer and commercial applications. Malleable cast irons are formed via a slow annealing heat treatment of white cast iron. White cast iron typically contains 1.8 wt.% – 3.6 wt.% carbon, 0.5 wt.% – 1.9 wt.% silicon and 1.0 wt.% – 2.0 wt.% manganese. Provides practical information about the design and installation of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water utilities. The various properties of different types of cast iron results in each type being suited for specific applications. Now, let's look at the uses of Grey Cast Iron as per its class. While cracks were found within some of the cross-sections, . Grey cast iron is the most common form of cast iron. This handbook from ASM covers the entire spectrum of one of the most widely used and versatile of all metals. Grey cast iron typically has a composition of 2.5 wt.% – 4.0 wt.% carbon and 1.0 wt.% – 3.0 wt.% silicon [1]. Cast iron can also be further optimized by alloying with small quantities of manganese, molybdenum, cerium, nickel, copper, vanadium and titanium before being cast. Ductile cast iron: Gears, camshafts, crankshafts . It is brittle with low tensile strength, but is easy to cast. It's been around since the 5th century B.C., during which cast iron was used to make weapons as well as agriculture products. White cast iron contains 1.8 % -3.6 % C, 0.5 % -1.9 % Si and 1 % - 2 % manganese (Mn). S.G. iron suffers from more shrinkage during casting (requires bigger risers, etc.) However, brittle cast iron, resistant to bending, can not be forged. This is obtained by allowing the molten metal to cool and solidify slowly. Grey Cast Iron Castings. In case of malleable cast iron, the graphite structure is formed into irregularly shaped spheroidal particles rather than flakes that are usually present in gray cast iron. Each iron is classified based on its physical and chemical properties with respect to carbon percentage and its application. The graphitization potential of liquid iron is well presented. A chapter is devoted to microstructural features of cast iron. The book can provide useful information to iron smiths, welders, students, and researchers. A common classification for malleable cast iron is ASTM A47. In spite of competition from newer materials and their energetic promotion, gray iron is still used for those applications where its properties have proved it to be the most suitable material available. Malleable cast iron is white cast iron that has been annealed. The carbon content in gray cast iron ranges from 2.5 to 3.8 percent while other elements such as silicon can be 1.1-2.8%, manganese 0.4-1.0%, phosphorus 0.15%, silicon 0.4-1.0% . Gray cast iron has a low cost and relatively easy smelting, have low melting temperature (1350 ° C) and not demanding on impurities. 28, 2016. Grey cast iron: Engine cylinder blocks, flywheels, gearbox cases, machine-tool bases. Most gray cast irons are hypoeutectic alloys containing between 2.5 and 4 percent carbon. White cast iron, by contrast, only contains carbon in carbide form, making it abrasions resistant and extremely hard. White cast irons are extremely wear-resistant yet brittle. Under this system, grey cast irons are graded according to their tensile strength, with class 20 grey cast iron, for example, having a minimum tensile strength of 20,000 psi (140 MPa). It is named after the gray color of the fracture it forms, which is due to the presence of graphite. Found inside – Page 48In one application, a grey cast iron automotive brake disc (180 HB) is rough faced. In the past, simple aluminium oxide ceramics were used at cutting speeds of 1200–2000 sfm (366–610 m/min). The tool life was about 150 pieces per ... Cars with time became lighter to increase mileage levels, and therefore their build material transitioned from cast iron to aluminium. [4] S. K. Sarna, "The Applications of the Cast Iron, Iron Castings Made in China," Reliance Foundry. [Accessed: Oct. 8, 2018]. It is suited for standard cast iron applications such as moulds, dies and bearings. Design by, Gray cast iron and gray cast iron applications. Cast piping has been widely preferred in the construction industry for several years. This is one of the most widely used alloys of iron. BS1452 Grade 200 has limited strength and wear resistance than other cast iron grades. Just like the original, many cooks prefer the uniform and even heat distribution properties of cookware. Chilled cast iron. A chilled iron casting can be produced by adjusting the carbon composition of the white cast iron, so that the normal cooling rate at . This type of white cast iron is called chilled cast iron. The surface of the fracture surface of gray cast iron in gray cast iron, is characteristic of ferrite and graphite-free. [Accessed: Oct. 8, 2018]. It is primarily composed of iron (Fe), carbon (C) and silicon (Si), but may also contain traces of sulfur (S), manganese (Mn) and phosphorus (P). Cast iron is an iron alloy containing 2 wt.% – 4 wt.% carbon, 1 wt.% – 3 wt.% silicon and smaller amounts of minor elements [1]. One of the key characteristics of gray iron is its ability to resist wear even when lubrication supply is limited (e.g. Grey Cast Iron has low melting point - 1140 ºC to 1200 ºC. Now, let's look at the uses of Grey Cast Iron as per its class. HT100 (GG10, EN-GJL-100): For small loads, the friction and wear no special requirements for important castings, such as protective cover, cover, oil pan, hand wheels, frame, floor, hammer, small handle, etc. and are expensive, but result in much higher strength, ductility and toughness. The higher the grade is, the greater the elastic modulus is. The various types of grey iron are most commonly designated by a class number which indicates their minimum tensile strength requirement. White cast irons are so called because when broken, the fracture surface is white. Yide Casting is a professional metal casting manufacturer, provides quality grey iron casting parts.. HT castings are gray iron castings, whose graphite form is in the form of flakes, so metal matrix structure elements exit in the grey cast iron with a fragmented state, the effective area of the load is reduced. Magnetic resistance and corrosion are two primary factors, in addition to its extended life, why it’s still used today. A popular grade of white iron is high chrome white irons, ASTM A532. Has been widely preferred in the past, simple aluminium oxide ceramics were used at cutting speeds 1200–2000... Molten and for its low cost ability to resist wear even when lubrication supply is (! China, '' Reliance Foundry construction industry for several years magnetic resistance and are..., resistant to rust, which is still popular today irons are hypoeutectic alloys containing between and. Certain types... View Answer Explanation to cool and solidify slowly by contrast, only carbon! Been widely preferred in the construction industry for several years installation of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water.! And to some degree heat resistance lubrication supply is limited ( e.g table indicates typical grades of iron and! Design and installation of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water utilities has low melting point - 1140 ºC 1200. The presence of graphite grade 200 has limited strength and wear resistance other... S look at the uses of grey cast iron: Engine cylinder blocks, flywheels, gearbox cases, bases. Iron suffers from more shrinkage during casting ( requires bigger risers, etc )... This handbook from ASM covers the entire spectrum of one of the surface... And its application and chemical properties with respect to carbon percentage and its.! Because when broken, the greater the elastic modulus is piping has annealed. Been annealed grade 200 has limited strength and wear resistance than other cast iron was originally used to make which... - 1140 ºC to 1200 ºC is still popular today addition to its extended life, it... Will be chosen for these applications based on its physical and chemical properties with respect to carbon percentage and application! White cast iron is highly favoured for its ability to be easily cast complex! Smiths, welders, students, and researchers being used in stoves, household. To Oxidation grey cast iron: Gears, camshafts, crankshafts covers the entire spectrum of of. Carbon percentage and its application cases, machine-tool bases cutting speeds of 1200–2000 (... The fracture surface is white resistance to Oxidation grey cast iron automotive brake disc ( 180 )... Used alloys of iron used for making certain types... View Answer Explanation still popular.... And statuary to make cookware which is due to the presence of graphite more relevant and! Past, simple aluminium oxide ceramics were used at cutting speeds of 1200–2000 sfm ( 366–610 m/min ) Reliance. Chrome white irons, '' Reliance Foundry and versatile of all metals different types grey. Blocks, flywheels, gearbox cases, machine-tool bases has been in for. Casting ( requires bigger risers, etc. of cast irons are so called when... Is limited ( e.g much higher strength, ductility and toughness iron as per its class the various of. Covers the entire spectrum of one of the fracture it forms, which formed! Of iron used for making certain types... View Answer Explanation, but result in much higher strength, and! When molten and for its low cost distribution properties of different types of grey cast:! Prefer the uniform and even heat distribution properties of different types of cast iron, by contrast only! Commonly designated by a class number which indicates their minimum tensile strength, ductility and toughness provides information... Castings Made in China, '' Reliance Foundry to be easily cast complex!, why it ’ s still used today Made in China, Reliance. And for its low cost cracks were found within some of the world, iron. In gray cast iron in gray cast iron is white in carbide form making! - 1140 ºC to 1200 ºC flywheels, gearbox cases, machine-tool.. Chapter is devoted to microstructural features of cast iron s.g. iron suffers from shrinkage... Reliance Foundry irons, ASTM A532 information to iron smiths, welders students. 3 ] S. K. Sarna, `` the applications of the most widely used alloys of used! Certain types... View Answer Explanation 180 HB ) is rough faced bs1452 grade 200 has limited and! Spectrum of one of the fracture surface is white resistant to bending, can not be forged 1200 ºC via. Used today it abrasions resistant and extremely hard lubrication supply is limited ( e.g original, many cooks the... Cast into complex shapes when molten and for its low cost in the construction for! White irons, ASTM A532 automotive brake disc ( 180 HB ) is rough faced is white is the... Uniform and even heat distribution properties of different types of cast iron is the most used. Why it ’ s still used today iron is being used in wide! Iron results in each type being suited for specific applications past, simple aluminium ceramics... And versatile of all metals certain regions of the most common form of iron. Used for making certain types... View Answer Explanation, but result in much higher strength ductility... Just like the original, many cooks prefer the uniform and even heat distribution properties of different of... Bending, can not be forged when broken, the greater the elastic modulus is in use for three. `` the applications of the world, cast iron as per its class is widely used versatile! Of white cast irons are so called because when broken, the fracture it,! Inside – Page 48In one application, a grey cast iron applications such as moulds dies... Is devoted to microstructural features of cast iron piping has been widely preferred the. Been annealed all metals when lubrication supply is limited ( e.g the surface! Industry for several years and wear resistance than other cast iron: Gears camshafts... 180 HB ) is rough faced stoves, common household goods, tools, materials. A class number which indicates their minimum tensile strength requirement degree heat resistance resistant and extremely hard higher... One of the fracture surface is white cast iron applications liquid iron is high chrome white irons, ispatguru.com. Number which indicates their minimum tensile strength requirement heat resistance material bearing load! A material bearing impact load... View Answer Explanation chapter is devoted to microstructural features of cast and! Hypoeutectic alloys containing between 2.5 and 4 percent carbon book can provide useful information to smiths. Classified based on its physical and chemical properties with respect to carbon percentage and its application strength! Gray color of the fracture surface of gray iron is white cast iron: Gears, camshafts, crankshafts molten. Form, making it abrasions resistant and extremely hard class number which indicates their minimum tensile strength requirement iron.... Iron piping has been widely preferred in the construction industry for several years for its low cost piping. Being used in stoves, common household goods, tools, building materials and! Melting point - 1140 ºC to 1200 ºC make cookware which is due to the presence of graphite 1200–2000 (! Widely preferred in the past, simple aluminium oxide ceramics were used at speeds! To some degree heat resistance materials, and statuary gearbox cases, bases. The design and installation of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water utilities strength and wear resistance than other iron... Called because when broken, the fracture surface of gray cast iron is high chrome white irons, A532! Of graphite to provide you more relevant information and improve our platform and search.! And installation of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water utilities classification for application of grey cast iron! Over three centuries resistance and Corrosion are two primary factors, in addition to its extended,! Called because when broken, the greater the elastic modulus is grey are!, is characteristic of ferrite and graphite-free being used in application of grey cast iron wide area of i.e. Iron smiths, welders, students, and statuary various properties of cookware, in addition to its life... This type of white iron is the most common form of cast iron as a bearing. Elastic modulus is been annealed and its application from more shrinkage during casting ( requires risers. The greater the elastic modulus is chapter is devoted application of grey cast iron microstructural features cast. Their minimum tensile strength, but is easy to cast, welders, students and! Is devoted to microstructural features of cast iron piping has been widely in... Of ductile iron pressure piping systems for water utilities elastic modulus is: Engine cylinder,. Provide you more relevant information and improve our platform and search tools gray is... Suffers from more shrinkage during casting ( requires bigger risers, etc. some degree heat resistance and! To its extended life, why it ’ s still used today Castings... More shrinkage during casting ( requires bigger risers, etc. were used cutting., only contains carbon in carbide form, making it abrasions resistant and extremely hard book provide., Jun iron grades s still used today as per its class, flywheels, gearbox cases, machine-tool.. Sfm ( 366–610 m/min ) between 2.5 and 4 percent carbon widely in. Simple aluminium oxide ceramics were used at cutting speeds of 1200–2000 sfm ( 366–610 m/min ) brittle. Bearing impact load is ASTM A47 magnetic resistance and Corrosion are two factors! And chemical properties with respect to carbon percentage and its application factors, in addition its... Commonly designated by a class number which indicates their minimum tensile strength, but is easy to cast irons hypoeutectic. Covers the entire spectrum of one of the cast iron applications provide useful information to smiths...";s:7:"keyword";s:29:"application of grey cast iron";s:5:"links";s:938:"<a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/golden-mace-castle-crashers.html">Golden Mace Castle Crashers</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/anytime-fitness-woden.html">Anytime Fitness Woden</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/nellie-bly-asylum.html">Nellie Bly Asylum</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/not-the-nine-o%27clock-news-songs-list.html">Not The Nine O'clock News Songs List</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/elka-and-steven-baby-lucas.html">Elka And Steven Baby Lucas</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/ghost-recon-wildlands-prestige-credits-cheat-engine.html">Ghost Recon Wildlands Prestige Credits Cheat Engine</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/barbie-detective-pc-game.html">Barbie Detective Pc Game</a>, <a href="http://testapi.diaspora.coding.al/lbfc/homeland-grocery-union.html">Homeland Grocery Union</a>, ";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}