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</html>";s:4:"text";s:26812:", 21 ( 9 ) ( 2008 ) , pp. 16 The aim was to generate fresh Cu (II) oxide nanoparticles ⦠A. Thit, H. Selck, H.F. Bjerregaard. Environ. This study compares the toxicity of CuO NPs with ionic Cu in three zebrafish model systems; zebrafish hepatoma cell line (ZFL), fish embryo toxicity ⦠Therefore, they can not be used by humans because of their toxicity. Differentiated Caco-2 cells were treated from the apical (Ap) and the basolateral (Bl) compartment with different concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 μg/mL) of commercial or sonochemically synthesized (sono) CuO NPs. In: Environmental Pollution, Vol. Copper oxide nanoparticles are mainly used in heat transfer fluids, antimicrobial reagents, semiconductors, and intrauterine contraceptive devices. Hanna L. Karlsson, ... Research output: Contribution to journal ⺠Article ⺠peer-review conducted a toxicity study of three metal oxide nanoparticles, namely, CuO NPs (copper oxide nanoparticles), ZnO NPs, and TiO 2 NPs against zebra fish embryo. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17435390.2018.1530390 Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles are of incredible interest because of its efficacious applications including electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, such as microelectromechanical frameworks, field effect transistors, electrochemical cells, gas sensors, magnetic storage media, sun-powered cells, field emitters and nanodevices (for catalysis and medical applications). Metal oxide nanoparticles can exert adverse effects on humans and aquatic organisms, however, their toxic mechanisms are still unclear. Furthermore, a study by Yang Differential toxicity of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles of similar hydrodynamic diameter on human differentiated intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers is correlated in part to copper release and shape. The use of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) has increased greatly and their potential effects on human health need to be investigated. Toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), in particular, on tropical aquatic organisms are still unknown, representing a risk for biota. Rats were exposed by oral gavage to CuO NPs and Cu 2 CO 3 (OH) 2 NPs for five consecutive days with doses ⦠Toxicity of CuO nanoparticles and Cu ions to tight epithelial cells from Xenopus laevis (A6): effects on proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell death. Female rats were orally exposed, through gavage procedure, to the ⦠Certain phytochemicals in plant extracts exhibit natural tendencies of bio-reduction of salts. Stable CuO NP suspensions were sized by differential light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis to yield average particle diameters of approximately 100 nm. Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used for their special physical properties and released into the natural environment. Toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles: a review study ISSN 1751-8741 Received on 20th May 2019 Revised 23rd September 2019 Accepted on 27th September 2019 E-First on 24th October 2019 doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0176 www.ietdl.org Sania Naz1, Ayesha Gul1, Muhammad Zia1 1Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Our recent study demonstrated that autophagy-dependent release of zinc ions was involved in human A549 lung epithelial cell death and acute lung injury in mice induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure. Green protocols are highly preferred over conventional methods as they are environmentally benign. 2015;29(5):1053â9. The overall particle size of the copper oxide nanoparticles ranges between 1-100nm. CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar 31. 2017 Apr 1;380:72-93. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.007. [Google Scholar] Santhosh Kumar, J.; Shanmugam, V. Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles from magnolia champaca floral extract and its antioxidant & toxicity assay using Danio Rerio. , Effects of copper oxide nanoparticles and copper ions to zebrafish (Danio rerio) cells, embryos and fry, Toxicology in Vitro (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.08.010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. To better exert its biological roles, it is mainly used in the form of pure copper, copper ions, copper nanoparticles, copper oxide, copper alloys, and other copper compounds for tissue engineering applications (Fig. Nanotoxicology 6 (7), 789â803. Copper oxide nanoparticles are highly toxic: a comparison between metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. Exposure to such nanoparticles is mainly through skin and inhalation. It exhibits peculiar physical and chemical properties in terms of magnetism, light absorption, chemical activity, thermal resistance, catalyst, and melting point. Since the manufacture and use of nanoparticles are increasing, humans are more likely to be exposed occupationally or via consumer products and the environment. To test for consequences of an exposure of brain cells to copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), we synthesised and characterised dimercaptosuccinate-coated CuO-NPs. The use of engineered metal nanoparticles (NPs) is continuously increasing and so is the need for information regarding their toxicity. This excess exposure raises the concern about its potential toxic effects on various organisms including humans. Perreault F, Oukarroum A, Pirastru L, Sirois L, Gerson Matias W, Popovic R. 2010. Thit et al., 2013. Moreover, there is some evidence reporting the harmfulness of CuO NPs in some cancer cell lines . Studer AM, et al. (Christian et al., 2008). What is copper oxide nanoparticles? Istanbul University Abstract-Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are widely used in industry, cosmetics and medicine. Evaluation of copper oxide nanoparticles toxicity using chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging in Lemna gibba. CuSO4 was used as a reference. The increasing production and utilization of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) result in the releases into the environment. Lett Appl mMicrobiol 53: 50-54. Lett. Toxicology. In the present study, we have been focused on synthesizing and characterizing copper oxide nanoparticles from Achillea millefolium, and investigating potential biological and catalytic activities of these nanoparticles. The evaluation of potential hazards and toxicity is necessary to ensure aquatic and human ecosystem do not get affected. During the present time, anti-microbial features of copper (Cu) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used to combat the growth of pathogenic microbes. Toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles: a review study 1 Introduction. In vivo toxicity of copper oxide, lead oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles acting in different combinations and its attenuation with a complex of innocuous bio-protectors. Authors . J Bot 2010:763142. Chemosphere 89: 1142-1150 Submitted version!! In the scientific literature, there is a lack of their in vivo toxicity characterization and virtually no attempts of enhancing organismâs resistance to their impact. CuNPs and ZnONPs are recurrently used in cosmetics, medicine and food additives, and their potential for toxic impacts on human and ecosystem is of high concern. Fernandes R, and C. Prudêncio . Search in Google Scholar [40] Siddiqi KS, Husen A. People have increasingly been exposed to these active materials. Epub 2017 Feb 15. Both cellular copper accumulation as well as the pCuO-NP-induced toxicity in C6 cells were prevented by application of copper chelators, but not by endocytosis inhibitors, suggesting that liberation of copper ions from the pCuO-NPs is the first step leading to the observed toxicity of ⦠Acute toxicity tests of copper oxide nanoparticles were conducted based on the modified OECD standard procedure . Hence, the toxicity of CuO NPs in lung tissues is of great concern. Jyoti) treated with copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) was studied. Arch. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely used as catalysts or semiconductors in material fields. Sakr Samar Abdelwahab, Mai Atef, Mona Key topic words (including ânanotechnology,â ânanomaterials,â ânanoparticles,â âcopper oxide,â âarsenic,â ârice,â âagriculture,â âphytotoxicity,â âtoxicity,â âdissolutionâ) were searched in multiple databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Engineered copper oxide nanoparticles (nanoCuO) have a wide range of applications in electronics, biomedicine and other fields (Carnes & Klabunde, 2003; Dutta et al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2008; Ren et al., 2009). Cerium oxide nanoparticles are more toxic than equimolar bulk cerium oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans. Stable CuO NP suspensions were sized by differential light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis to yield average particle diameters of approximately 100 nm. J. Struct. This excess exposure raises the concern about its potential toxic effects on various organisms including humans. Nanoparticle cytotoxicity depends on intracellular solubility: comparison of stabilized copper metal and degradable copper oxide nanoparticles. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), used in antifouling paints of boats, are released in the environment and can induce toxicity to aquatic organisms. In transgenic C. elegans with neurons expressing a green fluorescent protein reporter, neuronal degeneration was observed in 2016, 11, 218. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CUNPs) were synthesized using Olea europaea leaf extract as reducing and protecting agent. Silvia Melegari. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are being used in several industrial and commercial products. Toxic mechanisms of copper oxide nanoparticles in epithelial kidney cells. The increased production of nanoparticles raises concerns regarding the potential introduction into the environment or human exposure. 10% plant extract was added to 1 mM copper(II) sulfate solution in the ratio of 2:1. [Google Scholar] Roesms G, Hoet PHM, Dinsdale D, Demedts M, Nemery B, 2000. Res. Review article Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles for biomedical application and environmental remediation Sunday Adewale Akintelua,b,*, Aderonke Similoluwa Folorunsoc, Femi Adekunle Folorunsod, Abel Kolawole Oyebamijib,e a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China b Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke ⦠Lettuce and cabbage were chosen for the study as they are widely cultivated in urban areas and have large leaves that can readily absorb atmospheric pollutants. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) use has exponentially increased in various applications (such as industrial catalyst, gas sensors, electronic materials, biomedicines, environmental remediation) due to their flexible properties, i.e. AU - Popovic, Radovan potential toxicity of these nanoparticles to human, they conclude that the particles themselves, and not the ions, are responsible for this (Chen et al.2006; Karlsson et al. %! Arnold MC, Badireddy AR, Wiesner MR, Di Giulio RT, Meyer JN. AU - Oukarroum, Abdallah. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are consciously used to control the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae. Natural water as the test medium for Ag and CuO nanoparticle hazard evaluation: An interlaboratory case study. The Copper oxide nanoparticles are widely used in biomedical, electronic and catalytic fields. These findings show that the acute toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles is governed by test water composition and the chemical species Cu2+. 1. Citation: Kim S-H, Lee JH, Jung K, Yang J-Y, Shin H-S, Lee JP, Jeong J, Oh J-H and Lee JK (2021) Copper and Cobalt Ions Released from Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Trigger Skin Sensitization. CrossRef View Record in Scopus Google Scholar. It has been theorized that CuO-NPs are highly toxic in comparison to bulk Cu and other metal oxide nanoparticles [ 18, 23 ]. Human oral exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles (NPs) may occur following ingestion, hand-to-mouth activity, or mucociliary transport following inhalation. Several studies documented the beneficial and hazardous effects of CuO-NPs on human cells and different experimental animals but there are not many studies that report the effect of CuO-NPs in poultry. Pradhan A, Seena S, Pascoal C, Cássio F (2012) Copper oxide nanoparticles can induce toxicity to the freshwater shredder Allogamus ligonifer. Toxicol. AU - Matias, William Gerson. The wide scale use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) due to their unique properties and important applications in magnetic, thermal, electrical, sensor devices, and cosmetics makes human beings more prone to the exposure of CuONPs and its potential adverse effects. Cells that survived exposure to CuO-NPs arrested the cell cycle as a result of the downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cell division control 2 (CDC2), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), target protein for Xklp2 (TPX2), ⦠This excess exposure raises the concern about its potential toxic effects on various organisms including humans. ... without toxicity, compared with the copper-free scaffolds . 2008). Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Alhadlaq HA, Alrokayan SA (2015) Assessment of the lung toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles: current status. Int. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), are used numerous applications in research and preclinical studies. The literature evidences that the CuO NPs exposure to the living systems results in reactive oxygen species generation, oxidative stress, inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immunotoxicity. was shown to be signiï¬cantly lowered by exposure to copper oxide NPs in a dose-dependent manner [17]. Recent studies have suggested that CuO ⦠Metallic nanoparticles can end up in aquatic ecosystems due to their widespread application. These particles had a diameter of around 5 nm as determined by transmission electron microscopy, while their average hydrodynamic diameter in aqueous dispersion was 136 ± 4 nm. Sci. Germination rate, root and shoot length, and biomass decreased, while uptake of Cu in the roots and shoots increased at high concentrations of CuO NPs. Technol. Another study conducted comparing the toxicity of iron (Fe) and copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) using a murine model by Pettibone et al clearly shows greater inï¬ammatory responses triggered by Cu NPs than Fe NPs [16]. Post-surgical wound infections involving Enterobacteriaceae with reduced susceptibility to β-lactams in two Portuguese hospitals. Copper nanoparticles are increasingly used in various commercial products, including agrochemicals, paints, semiconducting compounds, sensors, catalyzers, and antimicrobial products, which leads to their growing release into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (Keller et al., 2017). Copper Nanoparticles . 185, 2014, p. 219-227. This study proposes a molecular mechanism for lung epithelial A549 cell response to copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) related to Cu ions released from CuO-NPs. The result indicated that copper oxide (grain shapes with the average size 30 - 80 nm) and selenium nanoparticles (rod-shaped structures with the average size 70 - 90 nm) had an inhibition effects on myeloperoxidase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities, ⦠Cu and CuO nanoparticles have shown particularly high toxicity in many studies, when compared to many other metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The toxicity of CuO NPs seems to be mediated via a Trojan horse-type mechanism, i.e. the solid particle structure enables high uptake of Cu, and the concomitant release of copper ions within the cells lead to high levels of toxicity ( Cronholm et al., 2013 ). The key factors that influence the toxicity of CuO NPs such as particle shape, size, surface functionalisation, time-dose interaction and animal and cell models are elaborated. AU - Perreault, François. 2. 2010. Inhalation is one of the most significant routes of metal oxide NP exposure. The CUNPs were confirmed with UVâVis spectrophotometer, which revealed a peak absorbance at 289 nm. Vicario-Pares et al. !questionable (Sharma, 2009) as they have different properties than their bulk or ionic forms(% (&! With more and more extensive use of copper oxide nanoparticles ( CuO ENPs), potential risks have emerged to draw public attention. Doudi et al. Comparative Toxicity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Dissolved Co pper to Freshwater Mussels Auclair J., Turcotte P., Gagnon C., Peyrot C., Wilkinson KJ and Gagné F.* 46, 1119-1127. Toxicol in Vitro. The CuO NPs showed a significant genotoxicity in terms of chromosomal abnormalities in the exposed test material as compared to controls. large surface area to volume ratio. Acute toxicity of copper and chromium oxide nanoparticles to Daphnia similis. Copper oxide nanoparticles are highly toxic: a comparison between metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes Chem. When two types of NPs exist in th⦠A novel green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using a henna extract powder. Copper oxide (II) nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) have been increasingly used in products of human interest, such as coating for food packaging and wood protection. Lettuce and cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea var. Engineered nanoparticles are becoming increasingly incorporated into technology and consumer products. While toxicity data is still in lack of CuO ENPs to maize as the main agricultural crops in soil-cultivated. As the use of nanoCuO is growing, increasing amounts of these materials are likely to be released into the environment, including streams. However, by embed-ding copper nanoparticles into a polymer matrix, we can As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. Acute toxicity of copper and chromium oxide nanoparticles to Daphnia similis. Test materials were engineered CuO NPs with a nominal size of 50 nm purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Louis, MO, USA) and plant-synthesized NPs. Nanoparticles can be divided into combustion-derived nanoparticles ... As is the case for toxicity profile with any chemical modification of a structural moiety, the authors suggest that individual molecules be assessed individually. In recent years, the development of metal and metal oxide NPs has greatly enhanced the biomedical field in terms of biosensing, imaging, diagnosis, and therapy [31,32,33,34].The most commonly used metals and their oxides are gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper ⦠Several studies Ann Biological Res 2: 368-373. Copper in high concentrations has been shown to cause peroxidation of cell membrane lipids, decrease cytochrome C oxidase activity, and inflict mitochondrial respiration damage [ 14 ]. Copper oxides Chemical Compounds Theivasanthi T, Alagar M (2011) Studies of Copper Nanoparticles Effects on Micro-organisms. The toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) such as copper oxide (CuO) NPs in yeast, crustaceans, protozoan, bacteria, and microalgae has been revealed . AU - Melegari, Silvia Pedroso. The solution was kept for shaking (2000 rpm) at 70 to 90°C for 24 h. The main objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo acute toxicity of CuO-NPs after oral exposure and compare it with CuO microparticles (CuO-MPs). The advancement in conservationist strategies for development of nanoparticles is elemental to the subject of nanotechnology. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized at pH7 and pH10 of precursor solution were tested for toxicity using Allium cepa root cytological analysis. Related Papers. The present study reviews literature in the year range of 1900 to 2017. Uptake and toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles in cultured primary brain astrocytes. Large variation in toxicity induced by various metal oxide nanoparticles. (A) A549 lung carcinoma cells were exposed to 20 μg/cm 2 (40 μg/mL) and 40 μg/cm 2 (80 μg/mL) nanoparticles for 18 h and toxicity was measured as the percentage nonviable cells by trypan blue staining. Each bar represents the average value of three independent experiments. 2018, 59, 1737â1743. The extensive use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuOâNPs) in various industries and their wide range of applications have led to their accumulation in different ecological niches of the environment. Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) and copper carbonate nanoparticles (Cu 2 CO 3 (OH) 2 NPs have applications as antimicrobial agents and wood preservatives: an application that may lead to oral ingestion via hand to mouth transfer. The rapid growth of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) production and its abundant uses in many industries, and increasing release into an environment from both intentional and unintentional sources, create risks to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum), one of the most important staple food crop. Int. Exposure to nano-copper increased ROS production, one of the most frequently reported toxicities associated with NP. Copper and copper oxide nanoparticles have a variety of uses, but some studies suggest that at least some types of Cu nanoparticles can be toxic.89 To study the impacts of different chemical states of Cu nanoparticles on biological response, 42 nm diameter copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using the spark discharge method (with 99.95% pure Cu rods). Stock nanoparticle suspensions were prepared (30 min sonication in a water bath sonicator). Due to the increasing use of nanoparticles and their release in the environment, it is necessary to determine the toxicity of nanoparticles. For safety and environmental risk assessments of nanomaterials (NMs) and to provide essential toxicity data, nano-specific toxicities, or excess toxicities, of ZnO, CuO, and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) (20, 20, and 30 nm, respectively) to Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in short-term (6 h) and long-term (48 h) bioassays were quantified based on a toxic ratio. The acute toxicity and the morphological changes induced by copper oxide and titanium dioxide NPs (nCuO and nTiOâ) on the human alveolar cell line A549 are here investigated. T1 - Polymer coating of copper oxide nanoparticles increases nanoparticles uptake and toxicity in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. However, so far toxicity data for most manufactured nanoparticles are limited. 2). The oxidative stress mediated toxicity and immunotoxic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on spleen of adult albino rats; The oxidative stress mediated toxicity and immunotoxic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on spleen of adult albino rats. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), used in antifouling paints of boats, are released in the environment and These emerging contaminants can make their way into Plant response to engineered metal oxide nanoparticles. Copper oxide nanoparticles commonly release copper ⦠examined the potential toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles to leafy vegetables (lettuce and cabbage). Nanotechnology is a revolutionary field that deals with the synthesis, characterisation and applications... 2 Toxicity of metal oxide NPs. In this study, the fate and toxicity of 16- to 96 ⦠Chem. Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles Induce High Toxicity in Human Neuronal Cell By Abudayyak Mahmoud, Guzel E. Elif & Özhan Gül . The toxicity due Cu-NPs exposure was probably caused by both the nanoparticles and Cu 2+ released from the Cu-NPs [ 24 , 25 ]. J. In 2014, over 300 tons of copper oxide nanoparticles were manufactured in the United States. Rep. 8:4499. The formation of nanoparticles was observed through a color change from yellowish to brownish black. As iron-doping has been reported to reduce the susceptibility of CuO-NPs to dissolution, we have compared pure CuO-NPs and CuO-NPs that had been doped with 10% iron (CuO-Fe-NPs) for copper release and for their toxic potential on ⦠Together they form a unique fingerprint. Electrochemical synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots decorated copper oxide for the sensitive and selective detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in berries. In the copper metallurgy workplace air is polluted with condensation aerosols, which a significant fraction of is presented by copper oxide particles <100 nm. Download. Keywords: skin sensitization, alternative test, KeratinoSens TM, LLNA, dissolving nanoparticles, nanoparticles, copper, cobalt. In this study, the effects of rod-shaped CuO NPs on the Neotropical species Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Hyphessobrycon eques were investigated. While limited surveys have focused on the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on the blood parameters of different species of fish, this resulted to changes in hematological and biochemical parameters (Jahanbakhshi et al., 2015). The genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity of many metal oxide NPs ⦠The extensive use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) in various industries and their wide range of applications have led to their accumulation in different ecological niches of the environment. All the above-mentioned studies are based on the use of copper as a metal or as its oxide. Front. Wound. Cu2+ nanoparticles was insufficient to clarify the toxicity (Griffitt et al., 2007). Copper oxide nanoparticles and bulk copper oxide, combined with indole-3-acetic acid, alter aluminum, boron, and iron in Pisum sativum seeds. This study investigated the toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) and CuSO4 in Daphnia magna. AB - The acute toxicity of monodispersed 6 nm and <100 nm poly-dispersed copper oxide nanoparticles toward Daphnia magna was assessed using 48 h immobilization tests. Previous research showed that water-soluble copper salts exhibited the highest reproductive toxicity in worms followed by copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and copper exposure in the soil 23. Mechanism of silver nanoparticle toxicity is dependent on dissolved silver and surface coating in Caenorhabditis elegans. In acute assays 25 nm nCuO (LC50 0.05 ± 0.011 mg Cu per L) and CuSO4 (LC50 0.16 Intranasal delivery of copper oxide nanoparticles induces pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis in C57BL/6 mice. Copper (Cu) Nanoparticles, nanodots or Nanopowder are black brown spherical high surface area metal particles. The extensive use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) in various industries and their wide range of applications have led to their accumulation in different ecological niches of the environment. These broad applications, however, have increased human exposure and thus the potential risk related to their ⦠Toxicity of these nanoparticles has been reported in various studies; however, no study as of yet has investigated the complete cellular mechanisms involved in CuO-NPs toxicity on human cells. ";s:7:"keyword";s:35:"copper oxide nanoparticles toxicity";s:5:"links";s:1220:"<a href="https://api.duassis.com/storage/q8q7nfc/1-year-after-infidelity">1 Year After Infidelity</a>,
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