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</html>";s:4:"text";s:36854:"âBy being slightly creative with punctuation, countries can feel like their interests have been addressed,â explains Stephen Cornelius, chief advisor on climate change with the WWF, who has represented the UK and EU at UN climate change negotiations. He says US courts have become increasingly textual â âtheyâve looked more and more at the words on the paper rather than the testimony of the people who used those words on the paper.â. Rogers Communications and Bell Aliant fought a legal battle worth CAD$1m ($760,000) over a contract to replace utility poles across the country. Some countries werenât happy with the original wording because they didnât necessarily want to be locked into promoting sustainable development. He had incited Irish prisoners of war being held in Germany to band together to fight against the British. P50 GM049222/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States, T32 GM008315/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States. David Webbert, the lawyer who helped bring the case against the company, told reporters at the time that the inclusion of a comma in the clause âwould have sunk our shipâ. The cost of a rapid detox program can reach as high as $10,000, and insurance companies generally don’t cover any portion of it, per USA Today . NLM The short answer: As a general rule of thumb, plan on budgeting between 50€-70€/day for Western Europe and around 30€-50€/day for Eastern Europe. Workers load milk onto trucks at the Oakhurst dairy plant in 2013 (Credit: Getty Images), Because there was confusion, the US Court of Appeals ruled in their favour, benefiting around 120 of the firmâs drivers. Less if ventilated elsewhere but still costly. Â. Roger Casement, an Irish nationalist, was hanged in 1916 under the 1351 Treason Act. Incremental daily cost of mechanical ventilation was calculated using log-linear regression, adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics. Objective: Answer Save. Mechanically ventilated patients were older (63.5 yrs vs. 61.7 yrs, p < .0001) and more likely to be male (56.1% vs. 51.8%, p < 0.0001), compared with patients who were not mechanically ventilated, and required mechanical ventilation for a mean duration of 5.6 days +/- 9.6. You can use commas as part of that, too. BBC Capitalâs greatest hits from over the last year. 1 decade ago. This was important as Rogers had struck a great deal under their reading of the contract: when they signed a contract to lease the poles from Bell Aliant in 2002, they were paying just CAD$9.60 per pole. How Much Does 24-Hour In-Home Care Cost? Adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics, the mean incremental cost of mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit patients was 1,522 dollars per day (p < .001). It set a precedent in the stateâs legal system, he believes. The Washington Post reports that a single day of life support in an intensive care unit typically costs between $2,000 and $4,000. For a one-year-old child, costs range from $96.40 per month to $177.70, with the moderate plan running $146.60 a month. Kinetics of oxygen uptake during unassisted breathing trials in prolonged mechanical ventilation: a prospective pilot study. Just google the library and look to see their website. âItâs easy to miss this sort of problem.âÂ, In one extreme example, a misplaced comma was at the heart of a death-penalty trial. Average cost per stay: $20,936. The cost of health care and in-home senior care will very much depend on the number of hours the designated care worker spends with the senior. Roger Casement, an Irish nationalist, was hanged in 1916 (Credit: Getty Images). An 1872 tiff over tariffs and tropical fruit cost taxpayers $40m â all caused by a comma (Credit: Getty Images). My library system has a website and I can login and renew my books if I can't get them back by the deadline or I need them for a few extra days. âThey matter, and exactly how depends on the context.â. How much does it cost to keep someone in a coma on lifesupport per day? Percent of all US hospital stays: 1.1%. There might be good arguments on either side of the debate, but this doesnât work for the law because there needs to be a definitive answer: yes or no. The stateâs laws declared that overtime wasnât due for workers involved in âthe canning, processing, preserving, freezing, drying, marketing, storing, packing for shipment or distribution of: 1) agricultural produce; 2) meat and fish products; and 3) perishable foodsâ. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Cost (Early and Long-Term). Crit Care Med. The study included 51,009 patients >/=18 yrs of age admitted to an intensive care unit between October 1, 2002, and December 31, 2002. Measurements and main results: Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. | Check out answers, plus 4,622 reviews and 6,295 candid photos Ranked #3 of 14 hotels in Bahamas and rated 3.5 of 5 at Tripadvisor. A total of 253 geographically diverse U.S. hospitals. One of the biggest cases battled over a comma was a dispute between two Canadian telecommunications companies. Mean intensive care unit cost and length of stay were 31,574 +/- 42,570 dollars and 14.4 days +/- 15.8 for patients requiring mechanical ventilation and 12,931 +/- 20,569 dollars and 8.5 days +/- 10.5 for those not requiring mechanical ventilation. So it pays to pay attention. It's not too much, just maybe like 10 cents a day. How much money do you need per day in Europe? JAMA Intern Med. The drivers managed to successfully argue that because there was no comma after âshipmentâ and before âor distributionâ, they were owed overtime pay. The English language is fluid, evolving and highly subjective. Part of the problem, says Adams, is technology. Â. Depends on the library. Patients: A combination of professional, dialysis, and bed costs accounted for the largest percentage of the incremental costs associated with ICU delirium . Crit Care Med. 2003 May;31(5):1312-7. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000063087.93157.06. If you were to need a seven to 30-day event monitor at a local doctor’s office, then the costs are often between $300 to $850+ without insurance. Lee IH, Kuo YW, Lin FC, Wu CW, Jerng JS, Kuo PH, Cheng JC, Chien YC, Huang CK, Wu HD. (He didnât respond to interview requests from the BBC.). Supplemental Oxygenation with Endotracheal Tube Placed at the Glottic Opening for Severe Glottic Edema in a Patient with Tracheoesophageal Fistula. Setting: Given the sheer number of variables here - this is unknown and unknowable because there are over 5,700 hospitals in the U.S. and there is ZERO uniformity of pricing. Members of the US Congress debated the issue and the problem was fixed â but not before the New York Times bemoaned the use of âAn Expensive Commaâ. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. The patient-level 30-day cumulative cost of ICU delirium attributable to increased resource utilization was $17,838 (95% confidence interval, $11,132–$23,497). If youâre texting a loved one or dashing off an email to a colleague, the cost of misplacing a piece of punctuation will be â at worst â a red face and a minor mix-up. Rapid detox is promoted by some treatment clinics as a quick-fix treatment to cure addiction. Nobles argued successfully that punctuation mattered for a contractual indemnity provision, when the company tried to trigger coverage under its umbrella insurance policy after a subcontracted employee died on the job. None. This dispute wasnât brought about by wilful ignorance, reckons Kemp. The sentence ensures those signing the agreement have the ability to promote sustainable development â and should do so. Interventions that result in reduced intensive care unit length of stay and/or duration of mechanical ventilation could lead to substantial reductions in total inpatient cost. It also depended on the kind of services need as well as the supplies necessary to ensure that the senior lives a dignified life as they walk into their twilight years. 2020 Oct 19:e205640. Aortic, peripheral, and visceral artery aneurysms. Certainly, one of the first things that comes to mind is budget. Med Care. Successive courts were equally uncertain about the agreement: Canadaâs Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission first declared in favour of Bell Aliant in 2006; a year later, it changed its mind after consulting the French language version of the contract, which didnât include the same ambiguity. | Check out answers, plus 2,596 reviews and 1,550 candid photos Ranked #17 of 39 … A dairy company in the US city of Portland, Maine settled a court case for $5m earlier this year because of a missing comma. Setting: A total of 253 geographically diverse U.S. hospitals. For most people, however, making sure that contracts are unambiguous is important. âIf thereâs a misunderstanding, you owe it to both of you to get it sorted out. Objective: To quantify the mean daily cost of intensive care, identify key factors associated with increased cost, and determine the incremental cost of mechanical ventilation during a day in the intensive care unit. A coma is a state of unconsciousness where a person is unresponsive and cannot be woken. Kathy Willens/AP Favourite answer. Yet arguments over commas have been raging for more than a century. USA.gov. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Dining Cost. The United States Tariff Act, as originally drafted in 1870, allowed âfruit plants, tropical and semi-tropical for the purpose of propagation or cultivationâ to be exempt from import tariffs. 2008 Dec;46(12):1226-33. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31817d9342. Ten percent may not sound like much, but a 9-day stay in a hospital, including tests and doctor bills cost nearly $30,000. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim. âCommas are a proxy for confusion as to what part of a sentence relates to what,â Adams explains. Three lorry drivers for Oakhurst Dairy claimed that they were owed years of unpaid overtime wages, all because of the way commas were used in legislation governing overtime payments. Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. People sign contracts not because theyâve negotiated their meanings, but based on their own understanding of what theyâre agreeing to, explains Nobles. So in the first two weeks of 2008, we spent $3,000. Casa Hostal Ivan & Lucy, Cuba: "How much does it cost per day ?" Conclusions: How much does rapid detox cost and is it safe? Design: Retrospective cohort analysis using data from NDCHealth's Hospital Patient Level Database. Kahn JM, Rubenfeld GD, Rohrbach J, Fuchs BD. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Incidence, features, outcome and impact on health system of de-novo abdominal surgical diseases in patients admitted with COVID-19. The argument stemmed from a single sentence: âThis agreement shall be effective from the date it is made and shall continue in force for a period of five (5) years from the date it is made, and thereafter for successive five (5) year terms, unless and until terminated by one year prior notice in writing by either party.â. Another factor that greatly influences the final cost of your trip is the way in which you choose to eat. By the time a child is nine-years-old, that moderate-cost … | This site needs JavaScript to work properly. There's always something new to discover and new TV shows and movies are added every week! The two sides argued that the comma after âfive (5) year termsâ meant something different: Bell Aliant said that the single yearâs notice of termination applied at any time, Rogers that it only applied after the first five-year term ended. In 1872, an American tariff law including an unwanted comma cost taxpayers nearly $2m (the equivalent of $40m today). HHS According to Nobles, most US courts will say it doesnât really matter what the parties subjectively intended; itâs the objective intent in the written terms of their contract. By 2004, the cost had nearly doubled. Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 31;10(1):14301. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71278-2. CONCLUSIONS: Continuing aggressive care after day 3 of nontraumatic coma is associated with a high cost per QALY gained, especially for patients at high risk for poor outcomes. Viva Wyndham Fortuna Beach - An All-Inclusive Resort, Bahamas: "How much does the safe cost per day?" âThat little comma was put in a place that you would put in a place for a breath if youâre reading it out loud.â, How do these misplaced or misused commas make their way into complicated contracts that have been drafted by professionals? Is a yearly pass..." | Check out answers, plus see 23 reviews, articles, and 3 photos of Rock River Rapids, ranked No.3 on Tripadvisor among 8 attractions in Derby. Casement was found guilty and executed. The costs will depend on your doctor’s office, the data monitoring fees and where you live. | Check out answers, plus 2,271 reviews and 338 candid photos Ranked #11 of 45 hotels in Oxford and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. | Interventions: You can watch as much as you want, whenever you want without a single commercial – all for one low monthly price. Retrospective cohort analysis using data from NDCHealth's Hospital Patient Level Database. Arguments have been fought over the value of so-called Oxford commas (an optional comma before the word âandâ or âorâ at the end of a list). 1995 May;23(5):964-72. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199505000-00028. He compares it to software code: do it right and everything works smoothly. If a piece of punctuation seems out of place or introduces ambiguity, speak up. It wouldnât be the last such error. Bell Aliant, understandably, wanted to … Getting different countries to sign up to the same principles can be challenging, particularly for climate change agreements. Relevance. If the person is in ICU and on a ventilator the life support cost can be over $10,000 per day. âYouâre trying to get an agreement that people can substantially agree with.â, Most people try to make contract language as clear as possible â but sometimes leaving a bit of ambiguity can help both sides negotiate better (Credit: Getty Images). NIH 2020 Oct;48(5):430-431. doi: 10.5152/TJAR.2020.14238. As you research and weigh the in-home care options available to you, you want to choose the type of care that best fits your needs. Have the argument today, rather than tomorrow.â. Warren DK, Shukla SJ, Olsen MA, Kollef MH, Hollenbeak CS, Cox MJ, Cohen MM, Fraser VJ. The price varies according to the level of care that the patient requires, and 60 Minutes states that costs can skyrocket to as high as $10,000 a day. Coma patients exhibit a complete absence of wakefulness and are unable to consciously feel, speak or move. âIt boils down to commas,â says Adams. As a guideline, spending $70 per day per person is doable and it won’t mean skipping meals or overeating. If a comma had been there, the law would have explicitly ruled out those who distribute perishable foods. Rogers didnât. âPeople are more prone to fighting over instances of syntactic ambiguity than in other kinds of writing.â, Of course, in some circumstances, those drafting contracts may want to introduce ambiguities. 2020 Nov;35(Suppl 2):870-874. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06104-6. Alua Palmanova Bay, Palmanova: "How much does a safe cost per day ?" Moving the comma kept the naysayers happy while placating those who wanted stronger action. Nobles represented an insurance company in a Texas Supreme Court case concerning insurance coverage for a worker who died on the job. Sullivan DR, Kim H, Gozalo PL, Bunker J, Teno JM. 2005 Jun;33(6):1434-5. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000166360.82336.75. In a coma, with the plug pulled on health insurance Heather Galeotti (above, during and after her recovery) lay in a coma for nearly six months before her health insurer, Kaiser Permanente, informed her family that it would not cover $4 million in medical bills. In 2010, data was collected on the national average and state average cost to stay in a hospital. Days of intensive care and mechanical ventilation were identified using billing data, and daily costs were calculated as the sum of daily charges multiplied by hospital-specific cost-to-charge ratios. | Check out answers, plus 964 reviews and 1,356 candid photos Ranked #2 of 2 hotels in Five Islands Village and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. For an unknown reason, when revised two years later, a stray comma sneaked in between âfruitâ and âplantsâ. How much can a misplaced comma cost you? Check and see where your state ranks: A typical in-patient stay in a hospital is about 5 days, and that may cost you over $10,000.This figure does not include major procedures, ambulance fees, or other charges. The importance of understanding the costs of critical care and mechanical ventilation. There are so many language tricks you use to appease people.â. Amburu V, Rajappa D, Gourav KKP, Soni SL. Daily costs were greatest on intensive care unit day 1 (mechanical ventilation, 10,794 dollars; no mechanical ventilation, 6,667 dollars), decreased on day 2 (mechanical ventilation:, 4,796 dollars; no mechanical ventilation, 3,496 dollars), and became stable after day 3 (mechanical ventilation, 3,968 dollars; no mechanical ventilation, 3,184 dollars). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. It could prevent a lot of pain in the future. Epub 2020 Apr 27. âIn diplomacy, even though you try to have a single agreement, itâs very common to change the meaning for different parties,â says climate change negotiator Laura Hanning Scarborough. When errors are introduced into legal documents, theyâre likely to be noticed far more than in any other form of writing, he says. | Check out answers, plus 22 reviews and 28 candid photos Ranked #21 of 79 B&Bs / inns in Cuba and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Epub 2019 May 6. Trends in Noninvasive and Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Among Medicare Beneficiaries at the End of Life. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Bell Aliant, understandably, wanted to terminate the contract and renegotiate at the new, higher price. Cost savings attributable to reductions in intensive care unit length of stay for mechanically ventilated patients. I reached life time benefit for medical insurance (2 mill). Suddenly all tropical and semi-tropical fruits could be imported without any charge. | Check out answers, plus 963 reviews and 1,350 candid photos Ranked #2 of 2 hotels in Five Islands Village and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. âSometimes there are genuinely different understandings,â she explains. Cost data are presented as mean (+/-sd). doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.5640. Rethinking How We Measure Costs in Implementation Research. Crit Care Med. Its easy to see how a short stay in the hospital may leave your family in a difficult financial situation. Design: Contracts written by lawyers on behalf of a business might have a different meaning than what the lay person understands. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov. 2 Answers. 2019 Feb;40(1):137-144. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1685463. 3. Kraft M, Pellino G, Jofra M, Sorribas M, Solís-Peña A, Biondo S, Espín-Basany E. Surgeon. In sensitivity analyses, the incremental cost per QALY did not fall below $50,000/QALY, even with wide variation in our baseline estimates. | The debate over whether Casement was guilty hinged on the wording of the 14th Century Treason Act and the use of a comma: with it, Casementâs actions in Germany were illegal; without it, he would get away with it. âContract language is limited and stylised,â says Adams. Nicer establishments will cost 30 euros or more. For that reason, itâs crucial to test contract language to breaking point by giving it to someone who will test its limits â someone who will read it in the most awkward, unhelpful way, says Tiffany Kemp, a commercial contracting trainer for the International Association for Contract and Commercial Management. The Building Hotel, Rome: "How much does the spa cost per day" | Check out 7 answers, plus 349 reviews and 968 candid photos Ranked #406 of 1,338 hotels in Rome and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Outcome and attributable cost of ventilator-associated pneumonia among intensive care unit patients in a suburban medical center. How much does a heart event monitor cost? Commas in contracts link separate clauses in a non-definitive way, leaving their reading open to interpretation. Mechanical ventilation is associated with significantly higher daily costs for patients receiving treatment in the intensive care unit throughout their entire intensive care unit stay. âYou can use terms like âinter aliaâ, or âthis includes, amongst other thingsâ to blur the lines to include anything. Rock River Rapids, Derby: "How much does it cost per day? But in its original draft, the second comma was placed after âpromoteâ, not before it: âThe Parties have a right to, and should promote, sustainable development.â. But make a typo and the whole thing falls apart. The Building Hotel, Rome: "How much does the spa cost per day" | Check out 7 answers, plus 350 reviews and 970 candid photos Ranked #423 of 1,339 hotels in Rome and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. âPunctuation matters,â says Ken Adams, author of A Manual of Style for Contract Drafting. But for some, contentious commas can be a path to the poor house. In high-stakes legal agreements, how commas are deployed is crucial to their meaning. Cheap fast food meals cost 9–15 euros, while restaurants meals cost around 15–25 euros. While a full stop is literally that â a full and complete stop to one thought or sentence, and the signal of the start of another â commas occupy a linguistic middle ground, and one thatâs often muddled. ... Hello, i was put into an induced coma for about 60 days and developed a bed sore (stage 4, pretty bad). Online ahead of print. By 2004, the cost had nearly doubled. Early climate change conventions included this line: âThe Parties have a right to, and should, promote sustainable development.â. With these compelling stories, indispensable tips and expert insight, youâll be ready to make 2019 the best it can be. 2020 Aug 28:S1479-666X(20)30119-0. doi: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.08.006. For that reason, itâs important to carefully check any contracts we sign, the experts say â and that means not just dotting the Is and crossing the Ts but also making sure every comma is in the correct place. Approximately 36% of identified patients were mechanically ventilated at some point during their intensive care unit stay. J Gen Intern Med. Centara Grand Island Resort & Spa Maldives, Machchafushi: "How much does the Club cost per day and is it..." | Check out answers, plus 1,762 reviews and 4,848 candid photos Ranked #1 of 1 hotel in Machchafushi and rated 4.5 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Royalton Antigua Resort And Spa - All Inclusive, Five Islands Village: "How much does a cabana cost per day?" The Building Hotel, Rome: "How much does the spa cost per day" | Check out answers, plus 349 reviews and 968 candid photos Ranked #415 of 1,339 hotels in Rome and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Though today life and death doesnât hinge on the use of commas â but big money, insurance policies and environmental agreements certainly do. Such linguistic flexibility happens more often than youâd think. But not all punctuation is made equal: contractual minefields are not seeded with semicolons or em-dashes (hereâs one: â ) waiting to explode when tripped over. âPunctuation sometimes will change the meaning of a sentence,â he says. A review of cost studies of intensive care units: problems with the cost concept. Despite Casementâs lead counselâs assertion that âcrimes should not depend on the significance of breaks or of commasâ, and âif a crime depended on a comma, the matter should be determined in favour of the accused, and not of the Crownâ, the court ruled that the comma mattered. The Impact of Mortality on Total Costs Within the ICU. But, if your library has a website you might be able to renew it online. 2017 Sep;45(9):1457-1463. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002563. ... they were paying just CAD$9.60 per pole. âDrafting contracts has long been a function of copying and pasting from precedent contracts, and that results in a kind of heedlessness, a detachment from the nitty gritty of how youâve expressed what you want to express in a contract,â he says. To quantify the mean daily cost of intensive care, identify key factors associated with increased cost, and determine the incremental cost of mechanical ventilation during a day in the intensive care unit. Online ahead of print. But just because you mean to say something, it doesnât mean that a court will agree with you, says Jeff Nobles, a Texas-based appellate lawyer who was involved in an insurance case that hinged, in part, on the punctuation of a contract. A coma is a deep state of prolonged unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awakened; fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound; lacks a normal wake-sleep cycle; and does not initiate voluntary actions. Posted on October 06, 2017 by Brian VanHook. And in the case of Oakhurst Dairy against its delivery drivers, the Oxford comma is judged to have favoured the latterâs meaning. Read about our approach to external linking. Weâre bidding farewell to 2018 with some of BBC Capitalâs greatest hits from over the last year. Intensive care unit costs are highest during the first 2 days of admission, stabilizing at a lower level thereafter. Royalton Antigua Resort And Spa - All Inclusive, Five Islands Village: "How much does a cabana cost per day?" Anonymous. This means you should spend around $15 at breakfast, $15 for lunch, and as much as $40 for dinner. The slip-up shows that the slightest misstep in punctuating a clause in a contract can have massive unintended consequences. Jurys Inn Oxford, Oxford: "How much does parking cost per day?" How much does Netflix cost? âThe purpose of a contract is to help people get the outcomes they both expected, and to know what theyâre supposed to do and get from the other side,â says Kemp. Crit Care Med. Epub 2020 Oct 26. Lunch, and bed costs accounted for the largest percentage of the incremental costs associated ICU. Royalton Antigua Resort and Spa - all Inclusive, Five Islands Village: `` How much does the cost. Among intensive care unit stay dispute between two Canadian telecommunications companies sign to... 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