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Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). caroliniana ) is found from Oklahoma to North Carolina and south to Florida. They can be added to salads[183]. The bark is smooth and gray/green in young trees. heterophylla) White Basswood is a fairly common tree in the Mountains of North Carolina, occasional in the Piedmont, that is distinguished from the American Basswood (Tilia americana var. The bark is gray to light brown, with narrow, well defined fissures. (Plant Hardiness Zones show how well plants withstand cold winter temperatures. — Beta Version, getting better every day. Fruit is a winged hard capsule with 1 or 2 seed called nutlets. It is taken internally in the treatment of lung complaints, dysentery, heart burn and weak stomach[222, 257]. Tilia americana is a deciduous Tree growing to 25 m (82ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a medium rate. Their bark starts off smooth and develops deeper furrows with age. They are small, fragrant, off-white, 5 petaled flowers in drooping clusters. NATIVE STATUS: Native, United States. * Exclusive content not on the website Most provide delicious and nutritious fruit, but many also have edible leaves, seeds, flowers, stems or roots, or they yield edible or useful oil. * Important announcements and news Its leaves are somewhat smaller than those of American basswood, and they are densely covered with grayish or brownish hairs. Maturing with an oval shape at heights of 60 to 80 feet tall and 20 to 40 feet wide, it becomes an impressive tree. heterophylla (white basswood), and Tilia caroliniana (Carolina basswood) are more correctly treated as one highly variable species. Beach Hibiscus, Sea Hibiscus, Cottontree, Mahoe, Large Leaved Lime, Largeleaf linden, Bigleaf Linden. We are adding search terms and icons to those plants pages, and providing a range of search options aligned to categories of plants and crop yields, with Help facilities including videos. If you plant your basswoods in the Autumn, make sure to put a 2-inch layer of hardwood bark mulch around the seedling to prevent frost heave in the winter. A sprouting standard sending up shoots from the base [1-2]. IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. ... Carolina basswood grows rarely on well-drained soils in the Piedmont and southern Coastal Plain. Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals. If you have questions about a plant please use the Forum on this website as we do not have the resources to answer questions ourselves. One way of shortening this time is to stratify the seed for 5 months at high temperatures (10°c at night, up to 30°c by day) and then 5 months cold stratification[80]. Fun Fact: Nectar from basswood flowers is a favorite source of food for bees, as the pungent flowers help honeybees produce an especially delicious brand of honey. FOLIAGE: Alternate, simple, deciduous, heart-shaped leaves with yellow fall color. The bark is soaked in water then boiled. Caswell Co., NC 5/21/10. 1. Lime trees tend to hybridise freely if other members of the genus are growing nearby[238]. We will not sell or share your email address. Lime flowers are said to develop narcotic properties as they age and so they should only be harvested when freshly opened[238]. If available other names are mentioned here, Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available. 2. * Please note: the comments by website users are not necessarily those held by PFAF and may give misleading or inaccurate information. var s = '<img src="https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?chs=200x200&cht=qr&chld=l&chl=' + document.getElementById("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_hurl").value + '">' Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[200]. Smartphone users scan the QR Code which automatically takes them to the webpage the QR Code came from. caroliniana) Carolina Basswood. The bark is initially dark green and shiny, developing to a grayish color with deep furrows. Use with caution, see notes above on toxicity. It grows up to 90 feet in deep, rich soils and has fragrant flowers from April to June. Landscape Uses:Pollard, Screen, Specimen, Street tree. Wildlife: Basswood is good browse and buds are important for birds and deer in winter. American Basswood, Carolina basswood, Basswood, AmericanBasswood, American Linden. Please donate to support our âPlants to Save the Planetâ Project. The bark on young trees ranges from green to grayish green, later breaking up into narrow ridges. Seed - much of the seed produced in Britain is not viable, cut a few seedcases open to see if there is a seed inside[80]. It is noted for attracting wildlife. It is generally unsatisfactory in Britain, preferring a continental climate and growing more slowly and not usually producing fertile seed in areas with cool summers[200]. If you have important information about this plant that may help other users please add a comment or link below. Propagation of Carolina Basswood: Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Dislikes exposed positions[200]. Search Library Topics Search Newspaper Columns. A tea or tincture made from the leaves, flowers and buds has traditionally been used for nervous headaches, restlessness and painful digestion[222]. It may germinate in the following spring though it could take 18 months[80]. The plant is heat tolerant in zones 8 through 1. BARK: gray, furrowed with age; smooth grayish green when young; FORM: medium to large tree, 70-80’ x 2-3’ dbh; HABITAT: moist, fertile, well drained sites : agroecosystems of perennial plants, to choose the most appropriate plants for their requirements and site conditions. Basswood is good browse and buds are important for birds and deer in winter. Now that we have identified how to define the tree when it comes to SHTF and in general, it is time to address its value. Carolina basswood is an excellent tree for providing nectar for bees to make a wonderful honey but there aren’t enough Carolina basswood in Texas anymore to have a significant effect. Carolina basswood (var. We are working on a subset of plants in the PFAF database identified as having the most potential for inclusion in such designs. This QR Code is unique to this page. Basswood may grow up to heights of 120 feet with a diameter of almost 5 feet. QR Codes are barcodes that can be read by mobile phone (smartphone) cameras. Uwharrie River slopes, Montgomery Co., NC 4/17/2011. In Britain and Ireland they are commonly called lime trees, or lime bushes, although they are not closely related to the tree that produces the lime fruit. To leave a comment please Register or login here All comments need to be approved so will not appear immediately. Click on “identify” and then select the image that looks most like the plant you are trying to identify. We are currently updating this section. The roots are large, deep, and spreading. We are adding search terms and icons to those plants pages, and providing a range of search options aligned to categories of plants and crop yields, with Help facilities including videos. Mature heights range from 75 to 130 feet (23-40 m) with Basswood is common in deciduous forests throughout the Midwest and makes for a popular yard and boulevard tree because of the benefits it provides for both people and urban wildlife! The Basswood variety of the linden tree offers a great yard addition for those looking to … INSIGHT: Wood of Carolina basswood is used for interior woodwork and is great for whittling. Special Features:North American native, Fragrant flowers, Attractive flowers or blooms. It is hardy to zone (UK) 3 and is not frost tender. Stately basswood trees range from 60 to 120 feet tall with shallowly-furrowed, somewhat greyish bark and round crowns. The wood decays easily and Stored seed can be very slow to germinate. Plant Heat Zones show when plants would start suffering from the heat. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.Antispasmodic Demulcent Diaphoretic Diuretic Ophthalmic Poultice Sedative VermifugeA tea made from the inner bark is applied to burns - it soothes and softens the skin[213]. For a list of references used on this page please go here. The white wood is excellent for turning and carving, it is used for making woodenware such as spoons, cheap furniture, pulp etc[46, 82, 171, 227, 229]. CULTURE: Carolina basswood is easy to grow in most soils given moderate to average moisture and requires very little fertilization. They are sweet and fragrant[183]. Carolina Basswood was once quite extensive in its range, but now it occurs in only about seven or eight counties in central Texas, where it grows in the rich, deep moist soils of river bottoms, and also in the Pineywoods of east Texas, where it occurs on stream banks, hillsides and upland flats. NATURAL HABITAT AND PREFERRED SITE: Carolina basswood is native to east Texas and a small area in central Texas but it seems to grow well in a wide variety of soils. caroliniana) prefers the warmer climate of the Southern states and Texas, USDA zones 7 through 9. Fibre Shelterbelt WoodA tough fibre is obtained from the inner bark[46, 227]. A tea made from the fresh or dried flowers is antispasmodic, diaphoretic and sedative[226]. The common name of basswood is derived from bastwood, in reference to the tough inner bark (bast) which has been used to make rope and mats. and size shown above) information on the habit and root pattern is also useful and given here if available. Only comments or links that are felt to be directly relevant to a plant will be included. Stay informed about PFAFs progress, challenges and hopes by signing up for our free email ePost. Edible Parts: Flowers Leaves SapEdible Uses: Chocolate Sweetener TeaYoung leaves - raw or cooked[257]. Widely adaptable. The Project is directed at enabling designers of âcarbon farmsâ and âfood forestsâ: agroecosystems of perennial plants, to choose the most appropriate plants for their requirements and site conditions. Suckers, when formed, can be removed with as much root as possible during the dormant season and replanted immediately[200]. Our new book to be released soon is Edible Shrubs. A dynamic accumulator gathering minerals or nutrients from the soil and storing them in a more bioavailable form - used as fertilizer or to improve mulch. The inner bark, or bast, can be used as a source of fiber for making rope or for weaving such items as baskets and mats. Frequent consumption of the tea made from the flowers may cause heart damage[222]. basswood leaves and used the cambium for soups and breads. Tilia americana is a deciduous Tree growing to 25 m (82ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a medium rate. For instance, one of the most significant features is that the basswood is absolutely edible. Interesting Facts: The name "basswood" comes from the fibrous inner bark that native Americans and early settlers derived by soaking the bark in water to soften the "bast" fibers used to make rope or twine. All plant pages have their own unique code. At this temperature, many plants begin to suffer physiological damage. Wood - soft, light, easily worked. There are thirty species in North America with Tilia Americana and Tilia caroliniana being the most common in Texas. caroliniana) Carolina Basswood, currently considered a variety of American Basswood, is a medium-sized deciduous tree, occasional in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont of North Carolina. The American linden has large hairless leaves and hairless flower stalks as contrasted with the Southern basswoods (Carolina basswood (T. caroliniana), white basswood (T. heterophylla)). Copy and print the QR code to a plant label, poster, book, website, magazines, newspaper etc and even t-shirts. The root pattern is flat with shallow roots forming a plate near the soil surface [1-2]. basswood leaves and used the cambium for soups and breads. Basswood. However, the tree was a major source of fiber for the Indians and that’s where the common name, Basswood, comes from.“Bass” is a corruption of “bast” which is a type of fiber. Trials on marketing the product failed because the paste decomposes readily[2]. A fast-growing and moderately long-lived tree in the wild, it starts producing seed when about 15 years old and continues for at least another 85 years[229]. Main Bloom Time: Early summer, Late summer, Mid summer. http://www.flickr.com/people/20664893@N00. Attracts Wildlife Dynamic accumulator Food Forest. A decoction of the roots has been used as a vermifuge to rid the body of worms[257]. Takes 1 - 3 years[78]. The Indians soaked the bark for two to four weeks to loosen long fibers. The bark is dark grey, it becomes full of furrows and ridges with age. Right plant wrong place. Grows poorly on any very dry or very wet soils[200]. All these factors mean that the seed may take up to 8 years to germinate[80]. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water. The Florida basswood (T. floridana) has silvery undersides to the leaves. The bark is initially dark green and shiny, developing to a grayish color with deep furrows. Carolina linden, downy basswood, Florida basswood, Florida linden, linden, southern basswood, tiglio Americano, tilleul Americain, tilleul de Caroline, tilo Americano, tilo de Carolina. It has a hard seed coat, embryo dormancy and a hard coat on the pericarp. As the tree ages, the bark turns gray/brown and develops shallow furrows and fibrous flat-top ridges. A fairly wind resistant tree, it can be grown as part of a shelterbelt planting[200]. They have been selected to provide a mix of different plant sizes and growing conditions. It weighs 28lb per cubic foot[227], is odourless and bland-tasting[226]. The twigs are smooth, reddish-green, becoming light gray in their second year, finally dark brown or brownish gray, marked with dark wart-like excrescences. Form: Oval, Pyramidal. It is then rubbed on a stick to separate the fibres which can then be used for making thread for sewing, fine yarn for weaving bags, clothing etc and cordage for making nets, shoes, twine, mats etc[189, 226, 227, 257]. Trees of North Carolina A Free, On-Line Plant Identification tool Featuring native and naturalized trees of North Carolina. Basswood is a prized wood that is relatively soft, works exceptionally well when tooling and is valued for hand carving. Central and Eastern N. America - New Brunswick to Florida, west to Texas and Manitoba. Fast-growing and deciduous, basswood trees generally reach a mature height of 65 to 70 feet, growing about 24 inches per season. American basswood trees also produce golden yellow fruits that attract wildlife in the fall. caroliniana) by the whitish, densely pubescent undersides of the leaves. For example Heat Zone. An infusion has been taken to promote urination[257]. The leaves can be cooked as greens[257]. A poultice of the leaves has been used in the treatment of burns and scalds, broken bones and swollen areas[257]. Heat Zones range from 1 (no heat days) to 12 (210 or more heat days). 11-1 indicates that the plant is heat tolerant in zones 11 through 1.) Edible Shrubs provides detailed information, attractively presented, on over 70 shrub species. Includes images of bark, twigs, leaves, reproductive organs as well as distribution maps. You can unsubscribe at anytime. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. The American basswood is tolerant when it comes to soil type and also soil pH. ... Basswood Survival Uses. Smartphone users quickly have information on a plant directly for the pfaf.org website on their phone. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees. CAROLINA BASSWOOD (Tilia caroliniana) Texas native linden that grows wild in East and South Central Texas. Various medicinal uses were made of leaf and bark extracts, and Iroquois used freshly cut bark as an emergency bandage for wounds. It is in flower in July, and the seeds ripen in October. If growing plants from seed it is important to ensure the seed came from a wild source or from an isolated clump of the single species[K]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. The wood Sap - obtained from next to the bark and used as a refreshing drink[105, 161, 177]. GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Basswood is a native deciduous tree. We are working on a subset of plants in the PFAF database identified as having the most potential for inclusion in such designs. Carolina Basswood (Tilia caroliniana).The Carolina Basswood is characterized by its grey bark and abundant, fragrant white flowers. caroliniana (TILL-ee-ah ah-mer-ah-CON-ah care-ah-len-ee-AYN-ah), HEIGHT: 40 to 90 feet SPREAD: 25 to 35 feet FINAL SPACING: 20 to 30 feet. Another entry in the same book says that it is fairly wind tolerant[200]. You’ll get some excellent shelter poles from the young, smaller sucker basswood trees that grow from the base since these sucker trees develop as straight, tall, flexible “branches.” So when you’re on the lookout for fallen branches, count on the sucker basswood trees and you’ll have a sh… pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. A decoction of the roots and the bark has been taken in the treatment of internal haemorrhaging[257]. The tree will often support several trunks off its base, will prolifically sprout from stumps, and is a … The basswood is not a very strong wood and is therefore not perfectly suitable for securing a shelter, but it can definitely be a good substitute. An infusion of the leaves has been used as an eyewash[257]. Its cream-colored flowers have a sweet scent and are attractive to honeybees. Quite tolerant of root disturbance, semi-mature trees up to 5 metres tall have been transplanted successfully. Basswood has a very distinct fruit; it is an open cluster of hard nutlets borne on a stem which comes from the center of a narrow elliptical, life-like wing. Often, suckering shoots sprout from the trunk or surface roots. Various medicinal uses were made of leaf and bark extracts, and Iroquois used freshly cut bark as an emergency bandage for wounds. More >>>. The Carolina basswood (Tilia americana var. 3. The Plant Heat Zone map is based on the number of "heat days" experienced in a given area where the temperature climbs to over 86 degrees F (30°C). You will receive a range of benefits including: Grows natively north and west of San Antonio. Succeeds in full sun or semi-shade[188]. It is used in the treatment of hypertension, hardening of the arteries, digestive complaints associated with anxiety, feverish colds, respiratory catarrh, migraine etc[238]. On older trunks, the bark breaks into long, medium ridges and furrows, dark gray to almost black in color. Basswood leaves are made of glossy reddish brown twigs and are broadly oval-shaped, dark green above and glossy green underneath. The fast-growing American basswood is among the largest trees of eastern and central North America. Trees are usually attacked by aphids which cover the ground and the leaves with a sticky honeydew[188]. Other names include linden for the European species, and basswood for North American species. If you think a comment/link or information contained on this page is inaccurate or misleading we would welcome your feedback at admin@pfaf.org. Layering in spring just before the leaves unfurl. Used for interior finishing, woodenware etc. The gray but thin bark on the straight trunk of basswood trees supports a well-branched structure of spreading, upright and slightly arching branches. Bark develops ridges at maturity, branches are upright and can be pruned into a hedge or otherwise growing to about 60 ft. Littleleaf Linden trees are native to Europe where they are found in natural ancient woodlands and can be long-lived with some specimens as old as 800 years. A good bee plant[61, 159]. Fruits are eaten by birds and small mammals. Bloom Color: Green, Yellow. Prefers a good moist loamy alkaline to neutral soil but succeeds on slightly acid soils[11, 200]. The grey bark is … Blooms late June to July. Kin to little leaf linden. * Updates on new information & functionality of the website & database Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so itâs worth checking. The root pattern is a tap root similar to a carrot going directly down [1-2]. Wood - soft, straight grained, light, weak, not durable, easily worked, resistant to splitting, it holds nails badly, holds glue, paint and lacquer well, seasons well but shrinks considerably. The flowers are used as a tea substitute. FLOWERS AND FRUIT: Flowers are suspended from papery bracts that look like leaves. Grows best in a woodland situation, young plants tolerate a reasonable level of side shade[200]. Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. If possible, obtain fresh seed that is ripe but has not as yet developed a hard seed coat and sow it immediately in a cold frame. A decoction of the bark, mixed with cornmeal, has been used as a poultice to draw out boils[222, 257]. Leaves have a lopsided or flattened base, pointed tip and toothed margins. … Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit: Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Rich, often moist, soils of woods and bottomlands, often forming pure stands[82, 227]. The bark is diuretic[257]. After planting, make sure to provide water for about a month if the weather is dry; Basswood roots fairly quickly and is reasonably drought-tolerant when established. Native and introduced, Canada. Flowers - raw. Carolina Basswood (Tilia americana var. Leaves are similar to that of red mulberry, Morus rubra but mulberry leaves are often lobed and symmetrical at the base. For more information about QR Codes click here. A commercially important timber in its native range[226, 229]. (Tilia americana var. They are highly shade-tolerant according to another report[226]. A very good chocolate substitute is made from a paste of the ground fruits and flowers[2, 105, 177, 183]. Fairly rapid growing. It can also be concentrated into a syrup and used as a sweetener[183]. BARK: Gray with shallow fissures and flat ridges. Trees respond well to coppicing, sending up lots of suckers from the roots[226]. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. For polyculture design as well as the above-ground architecture (form - tree, shrub etc. A mild flavour and a tender but mucilaginous texture, they are very nice in salads[K]. americana) and Carolina Basswood (Tilia americana var. A fibre is obtained from the tough inner bark It can be made into diverse items such as mats, shoes and coarse cloth. 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