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";s:4:"text";s:37190:"7; 11; 16; 19; 21; 24–29; 32–45), including the appendix (ch. The background to Jeremiah is briefly described in the superscription to the book: Jeremiah began his prophetic mission in the thirteenth year of king Josiah (about 627 BC) and finished in the eleventh year of king Zedekiah (586 BC), "when Jerusalem went into exile in the sixth month." Jeremiah 33 1 - Moreover The LORD's word came to Jeremiah the second time, while he was still locked up in the court of the guard, saying, 2 - "The LORD who does it, the LORD who forms it to establish it-The LORD is his name, says: 3 - 'Call to me, and I will answer you, and will show you great and difficult things, which … The small and comparatively insignificant state of Judah had been a vassal of Assyria and, when Assyria declined, asserted its independence for a short time. At the same time, God is very much concerned about individual people and their accountability to him. That king was very different from his father, the reforming Josiah, whom Jeremiah commended for doing justice and righteousness. The meaning of his name is uncertain. The prophet’s theology conceived of the Lord as the Creator of all that exists (10:12–16; 51:15–19), as all-powerful (32:27; 48:15; 51:57), as everywhere present (23:24). Jeremiah, detail from a fresco by Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel, Vatican, c. 1512. Jeremiah, a Judaean prophet whose activity spanned four of the most tumultuous decades in his country’s history, appears to have received his call to be a prophet in the 13th year of the reign of King Josiah (627/626 bc) and continued his ministry until after the siege and capture of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 bc. Prophet Jeremiah lived in the 7th century BC and prophesied when Judah was ruled by King Josiah, and later his sons Jehoiakim, and Zedekiah; and king Jehoiachin. Early in Zedekiah’s reign, Jeremiah wrote a letter to the exiles in Babylonia, advising them not to expect to return immediately to their homeland, as false prophets were encouraging them to believe, but to settle peaceably in their place of exile and seek the welfare of their captors. Date of Writing: The Book of Jeremiah was written between 630 and 580 B.C. A general chronological table will help us visualize the historical background of his book. Jehoahaz had ruled for a scant three months (2Ch 36:2), and his reign marks the turning point in the king’s attitude toward Jeremiah. The reign of Jehoiakim was an active and difficult period in Jeremiah’s life. Jehoiakim remained relentlessly hostile toward Jeremiah. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It would then seem that the end had come, that Israel’s stubborn and uncircumcised (unconsecrated) heart had sealed her final destiny, that God’s chosen people had been cast off, that all the ancient promises and covenants had come to nothing. Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem in 605, humiliating Jehoiakim (Da 1:1–2) and carrying off Daniel and his three companions to Babylon (Da 1:3–6). He was acquitted but may have been forbidden to preach again in the Temple. In 621 King Josiah instituted far-reaching reforms based upon a book discovered in the Temple of Jerusalem in the course of building repairs, which was probably Deuteronomy or some part of it. V. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: 27. King Zedekiah summoned him from prison twice for secret interviews, and both times Jeremiah advised him to surrender to Babylonia. Jeremiah … Pashur the son of Melchiah [Pashur in ch 20 was the son of … Others in Judah feared Babylonian reprisal and fled to Egypt, taking Jeremiah and Baruch with them (43:4–7). His son Jehoiachin ruled Judah for only three months (2Ch 36:9). While the author of Lamentations remains nameless within the book, strong evidence from both inside and outside the text points to 27), large stones in a brick pavement (43:8–13). Noteworthy Prophecies. Historical background of Jeremiah During Jeremiah’s ministry, in 612 B.C., Assyria fell to Babylon, which became the dominant military power. 52), most sections are predominantly poetic in form. The Assyrian empire, which had been dominant for two centuries, declined and fell. 25; chs. 35; chs. These prophecies included messages of warning and hope. Jeremiah was born and raised in Anathoth, a small town a few miles northeast of Jerusalem (Jer. Kilimanjaro Taught Me About Pressing On, Condemnation of Kings, Prophets and People (, Sufferings and Persecutions of the Prophet (, The Fall of Jerusalem and Its Aftermath (, Accession and Assassination of Gedaliah (. Symbolic value is also seen in the Lord’s commands to Jeremiah not to marry and raise children (16:1–4), not to enter a house where there is a funeral meal or where there is feasting (16:5–9), and to buy a field in his hometown, Anathoth (32:6–15). Purpose of Writing: The Book of Jeremiah records the final prophecies to Judah, warning of oncoming destruction if the nation does not repent. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. . . https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jeremiah-Hebrew-prophet, JewishEncyclopedia.com - Biography of Jeremiah, Jeremiah - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Jeremiah was born and grew up in the village of Anathoth, a few miles northeast of Jerusalem, in a priestly family. Referred to frequently as “Jeremiah the prophet” in the book that bears his name (20:2; 25:2; 28:5,10–12,15; 29:1,29; 32:2; 34:6;36:8,26; 37:2,3,6; 38:9–10,14; 42:2,4; 43:6; 45:1; 46:1,13; 47:1; 49:34; 50:1) and elsewhere (2Ch 36:12; Da 9:2; Mt 2:17; 27:9; see Mt 16:14), Jeremiah was ever conscious of his call from the Lord (1:5; 15:19) to be a prophet. As such, he proclaimed words given him by God himself (19:2) and therefore certain of fulfillment (28:9; 32:24). Jeremiah was born and grew up in the village of Anathoth, a few miles northeast of Jerusalem, in a priestly family. The Book of Jeremiah reflects the ever-worsening situation Jeremiah encountered. After the murder of Gedaliah, Jeremiah was taken off to Egypt by fugitive, remnant Jews who refused to experience Nebuchadnezzar's reprisal Jeremiah lived a few years in Egypt and then died there. Just prior to this episode in Jeremiah’s life, an event of extraordinary importance took place that changed the course of history: In 605 b.c., the Egyptians were crushed at Carchemish on the Euphrates by Nebuchadnezzar (46:2), the gifted general who succeeded his father Nabopolassar as ruler of Babylon that same year. Jeremiah’s poetry is lofty and lyrical. Jeremiah 8 Jeremiah speaks out against false prophets. Biblical References: Jeremiah 1: 1 – 3 Background information on Jeremiah; Jeremiah 1 – 6 God uses Jeremiah to warn his people to turn from idolatry. Suggestions include “The Lord exalts” and “The Lord establishes,” but a more likely proposal is “The Lord throws,” either in the sense of “hurling” the prophet into a hostile world or of “throwing down” the nations in divine judgment for their sins. Egypt had a brief period of resurgence under the 26th dynasty (664–525) but did not prove strong enough to establish an empire. Jeremiah was born in the 7th century BC, in Anathoth, to a Jewish priest (“kohen”) named Hilkiah who lived in the Benjamite village of Anathoth. He was closely involved in the political and religious events of a crucial era in the history of the ancient Near East; his spiritual leadership helped his fellow countrymen survive disasters that included the capture of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 bce and the exile of many Judaeans to Babylonia. He was arrested on a charge of desertion and placed in prison. Egyptians; … Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Isaiah wrote during the stormy period marking the expansion of the Assyrian empire and the decline of Israel. 26; 7:16—20:18; ch. and took people captive to Babylon in the first of three main removals. 33). In his childhood he must have learned some of the traditions of his people, particularly the prophecies of Hosea, whose influence can be seen in his early messages. After paying Babylonia tribute for nearly 10 years, the king made an alliance with Egypt. Actually, of course, his advice not to rebel against Babylon marked him as a true patriot, a man who loved his own people too much to stand by silently and watch them destroy themselves. Jeremiah 7–20 Jeremiah preaches in various places in Jerusalem, including at the gate of the temple, using various metaphors to plead with the people to amend their ways. What this means is that God has plans for a whole group of people, namely the … Alliteration and assonance were also a part of his literary style, examples being zarim wezeruha(“foreigners . Many of Jeremiah’s prophecies are yet to be fulfilled in the end times. According to the biblical Book of Jeremiah, he began his prophetic career in 627/626—the 13th year of King Josiah’s reign. The forty to fifty years Jeremiah prophesied began during the 13th year of the reign of King Josiah and continued on through the corrupt kings that followed, the eventual fall of Jerusalem, and the exile of God’s people. Josiah’s son Jehoahaz (see NIV text note on 22:11), also knwn as Shallum, is mentioned only briefly in the book of Jeremiah (22:10b–12), and then in an unfavorable way. Ashurbanipal, last of the great Assyrian rulers, died in 627. and ended sometime after 586 (see notes on 1:2–3). The new covenant was cast in the form of ancient Near Eastern royal grant treaties and contained unconditional, gracious and profoundly spiritual, moral, ethical and relational promises (see chart, p. 23). This foe has often been identified with the Scythians, nomads from southern Russia who supposedly descended into western Asia in the 7th century and attacked Palestine. Heb 11:37). He saw the destruction of Jerusalem and the holy Temple, after he had incessantly warned his people to mend their ways before it was too late. It is told there that he responded to Yahweh’s (God’s) call to prophesy by protesting “I do not know how to speak, for I am only a youth,” but he received Yahweh’s assurance that he would put his own words into Jeremiah’s mouth and make him a “prophet to the nations.” A few scholars believe that after his call Jeremiah served as an official prophet in the Temple, but most believe that this is unlikely in view of his sharp criticism of priests, prophets, and the Temple cult. Jeremiah probably died about 570 bce. Background Jeremiah began prophesying in Judah halfway through the reign of Josiah (640–609 b.c.) From the Zondervan NIV Study Bible. and continued throughout the reigns of Jehoahaz (609), Jehoiakim (609–598), Jehoiachin (598–597) and Zedekiah (597–586). He would undo all that he had done for them since the day he brought them out of Egypt. Given to self-analysis and self-criticism (10:24), Jeremiah has revealed a great deal about himself. Even then the prophet was under virtual house arrest until Jerusalem was captured in 586 (38:28). The book of Jeremiah is an account of the prophecies given to the prophet Jeremiah by God beginning around 626 B.C. 28) and Shemaiah (29:24–32). Jeremiah (probably after 650 – c. 570 BC), also called the "weeping prophet", was one of the major prophets of the Hebrew Bible (source of the Old Testament of Christian Bibles). On occasion, he engaged in calling for redress against his personal enemies (12:1–3; 15:15; 17:18; 18:19–23; see note on Ps 5:10)—a practice that explains the origin of the English word “jeremiad,” referring to a denunciatory tirade or complaint. Many of his own predictions were fulfilled in the short term (e.g.,16:15; 20:4; 25:11–14; 27:19–22; 29:10; 34:4–5; 43:10–11; 44:30; 46:13), and others were—or will yet be—fulfilled in the long term (e.g., 23:5–6; 30:8–9; 31:31–34; 33:15–16). 46–51; 36:1–8; ch. Soon after Assyria’s capital city Nineveh fell under the onslaught of a coalition of Babylonians and Medes in 612, Egypt (no friend of Babylon) marched northward in an attempt to rescue Assyria, which would soon be destroyed. He was possibly the same person who was the high priest and had found a lost copy of the ‘Book of the Law’ at a temple in Jerusalem during the reign of King Josiah.  Jeremiah foretold the captivity of Jehoiachin and his followers (22:24–30), a prediction that was later fulfilled (24:1; 29:1–2). Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. It was a period of storm and stress when the doom of entire nations—including Judah … In his presence his sons were executed, after which he himself was blinded by Nebuchadnezzar (39:1–7). Mattaniah, Jehoiachin’s uncle and a son of Josiah, was renamed Zedekiah and placed on Judah’s throne by Nebuchadnezzar in 597 b.c. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). For the majority of this time, Jeremiah based his ministry out of Jeremiah went into hiding and dictated another scroll, with additions. Jeremiah 1 1 - The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, one of the priests who were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin. His last recorded words are found in 44:24–30, the last verse of which is the only explicit reference in the Bible to Pharaoh Hophra, who ruled Egypt from 589 to 570 b.c. 21–24; chs. But Jeremiah loved the people of Judah in spite of their sins, and he prayed for them (14:7,20) even when the Lord told him not to (7:16; 11:14; 14:11). King Josiah of Judah made the mistake of trying to stop the Egyptian advance, and his untimely death near Megiddo in 609 at the hands of Pharaoh Neco II was the sad result (2Ch 35:20–24). He saw the destruction of Jerusalem and of the Beth Hamikdosh, after his warnings and prophecies fell on deaf ears.When the catastrophe came, he lamented the terrible fate of his people in the Book of … Jeremiah ascribed the most elevated attributes to the God whom he served (32:17–25), viewing him as the Lord not only of Judah but also of the nations (5:15; 18:7–10; 25:17–28; chs. Zedekiah, a weak and vacillating ruler, sometimes befriended Jeremiah and sought his advice but at other times allowed the prophet’s enemies to mistreat and imprison him. About 733 the kings of Aram and Israel tried to pressure Ahaz king of Judah into joining a … Called to the unhappy task of announcing the destruction of the kingdom of Judah (thoroughly corrupted by the long and evil reign of Manasseh and only superficially affected by Josiah’s efforts at reform), it was Jeremiah’s commission to lodge God’s indictment against his people and proclaim the end of an era. For Jeremiah, God was ultimate. At the Lord’s command, however, Jeremiah simply dictated his prophecies to Baruch a second time, adding “many similar words” to them (v. 32). 45). Political Background. By that time the prophet was probably over 70 years old. when king Zedekiah [597-587 BC] sent unto him. Jeremiah calls out Hananiah’s lie and then states the promise we read in 29:11. Jeremiah is the longest book in the Bible, containing more words than any other book. Jeremiah began prophesying in Judah halfway through the reign of Josiah (640-609 b.c.) His ministry was immediately preceded by that of Zephaniah. In the opinion of such scholars, Jeremiah began to prophesy toward the end of the reign of Josiah or at the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim (609–598). Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Judah was conquered and ruled by Assyrians who were conquered by Egyptians who ruled Judah up to 605 BC. Realizing that this battle made a great difference in the world situation, Jeremiah soon dictated to his scribe, Baruch, a scroll containing all of the messages he had delivered to this time. 39:15–18). At various times, he had the unenviable tasks of challenging the religious hypocrisy, economic dishonesty and oppressive practices of Judah’s leaders and those who followed them. Primarily a prophet of doom, he attracted only a few friends, among whom were Ahikam (26:24), Gedaliah (Ahikam’s son, 39:14) and Ebed-Melech (38:7–13; cf. The Lord commanded Jeremiah not to marry and raise children because the impending divine judgment on Judah would sweep away the next generation (16:1–4). Later, in 598–597, Nebuchadnezzar attacked Jerusalem again, and the rebellious Jehoiakim was heard of no more. The scroll was read by Baruch in the Temple. An example is “sword, famine and plague,” found in 15 separate verses (14:12; 21:7,9;24:10; 27:8,13; 29:17–18; 32:24,36; 34:17; 38:2; 42:17,22; 44:13). When emissaries from surrounding states came to Judah in 594 to enlist Judah’s support in rebellion against Babylonia, Jeremiah put a yoke upon his neck and went around proclaiming that Judah and the surrounding states should submit to the yoke of Babylonia, for it was Yahweh who had given them into the hand of the king of Babylonia. 27–31; 34:1–7; 37:1–10; 34:8–22; 37:11—38:13; 39:15–18; chs. He also received from Jeremiah and deposited for safekeeping a deed of purchase (32:11–16), and accompanied the prophet on the long road to exile in Egypt (43:6–7). When Jerusalem finally fell, Jeremiah was released from prison by the Babylonians and offered safe conduct to Babylonia, but he preferred to remain with his own people. Introduction from the NIV Study Bible | Go to Jeremiah. the Assyrians swept westward into Aram (Syria) and Canaan. Although a number of chapters were written mainly in prose (chs. Had they been so arranged, the sequence of sections within the book would have been approximately as follows: 1:1—7:15; ch. In the same year Nebuchadnezzar became … Clearly, he would have found much in them with which to agree; a passage in chapter 11 of Jeremiah, in which he is called on by Yahweh to urge adherence to the ancient Covenant upon “the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem,” is frequently interpreted as indicating that the prophet traveled around Jerusalem and the villages of Judah exhorting the people to follow the reforms. Like Ezekiel, Jeremiah was often instructed to use symbolism to highlight his message: a ruined and useless belt (13:1–11), a smashed clay jar (19:1–12), a yoke of straps and crossbars (ch. Jeremiah 21 Commentary: First in Jeremiah 21:1-2 we start with the background that results in the delivering of those three messages.. KJV Jeremiah 21:1 ¶ The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD,. Corrections? and continuing for about 40 years. to winnow her,” 51:2) and pah∆ad wapah∆at wapah∆(“Terror and pit and snare,” 48:43; see note on Isa 24:17). The smaller states of western Asia were often pawns in the power plays of such imper… Poetic repetition was used by Jeremiah with particular skill (see, e.g., 4:23–26; 51:20–23). According to a tradition that is preserved in extrabiblical sources, he was stoned to death by his exasperated fellow countrymen in Egypt. Since Ezekiel began his ministry in Babylon in 593, he too was a late contemporary of the great prophet in Jerusalem. While trying to flee the city, Zedekiah was overtaken by the pursuing Babylonians. Jeremiah was a man called to be a prophet to deliver God’s message to Judah (before, during and after its fall to Babylon in 586 B.C.). Updates? 2 - The LORD's word came to him in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. The entire background of Jeremiah's life and the words ascribed to him are permeated with the sense of disaster and disintegration which Judaism and Jews underwent in the 6th century B.C. Early in the reign of Jehoiakim, Jeremiah delivered his famous “Temple sermon,” of which there are two versions, one in Jeremiah 7:1–15 and the other in Jeremiah 26:1–24. Jeremiah’s prophetic ministry began in 626 b.c. But the very God who compelled Jeremiah to denounce sin and pronounce judgment was the God who authorized him to announce that the divine wrath had its bounds, its 70 years. Jeremiah had only contempt for false prophets (14:13–18; 23:13–40; 27:14–18) like Hananiah (ch. The prophet continued to oppose those who wanted to rebel against Babylonia and promised the people a bright and joyful future. Subsequently he was placed in an abandoned cistern, where he would have died had it not been for the prompt action of an Ethiopian eunuch, Ebed-melech, who rescued the prophet with the king’s permission and put him in a less confining place. Monday: Jeremiah’s Family Background — 10 Comments Hugh Dalhouse on September 27, 2015 at 12:32 pm said: That prophets are drawn from diverse backgrounds tells us social or educational status or religious pedigree (heritage or lineage) is not a test of qualification for the role. Author of. Jeremiah 12 Jeremiah … It was a period of storm and stress when the doom of entire nations—including Judah itself—was being sealed. The outline below represents an analysis of the book of Jeremiah in its present canonical order. Much later he dug up the rotting cloth and displayed it with the warning that this was how God would mar the godless pride … Background. If this was the case, Jeremiah later became disillusioned with the reforms because they dealt too largely with the externals of religion and not with the inner spirit and ethical conduct of the people. Although timid by nature (1:6), he received the Lord’s assurance that he would become strong and courageous (1:18; 6:27; 15:20). 24). How and when Jeremiah died is not known; Jewish tradition, however, asserts that while living in Egypt he was put to death by being stoned (cf. He predicted that God would destroy the Temple of Jerusalem, as he had earlier destroyed that of Shiloh, if they continued in their present path. 1:2–3). Neco put Jehoahaz in chains and made Eliakim, another of Josiah’s sons, king in his place, renaming him Jehoiakim. It was false prophets who proclaimed peace to a rebellious nation, as though the God of Israel’s peace was indifferent to her unfaithfulness. His counsel of submission to Babylon and his message of “life as usual” for the exiles of the early deportations branded him as a traitor in the eyes of many. Its capital, Nineveh, was captured in 612 by the Babylonians and Medes. So he was entrusted to Gedaliah, a Judaean from a prominent family whom the Babylonians appointed as governor of the province of Judah. 1:1). The great prophet Jeremiah lived during one of the most critical periods in Jewish history. 1820 Jet Stream Drive, Colorado Springs, CO 80921 • 719.488.9200Terms of Use | Privacy Policy, The Book of the Twelve or the Minor Prophets, Biblica – The International Bible Society, Despite Opposition, This Former Muslim is Sharing the Gospel in Kenya, Kids Are Hunting for Treasure in God’s Word, Staying Authentic & Maintaining Community, 7 Incredible Things You Might Not Know About Noah’s Ark, What Summiting Mt. The smaller states of western Asia were often pawns in the power plays of such imperial giants as Egypt, Assyria and Babylon, and the time of Jeremiah’s ministry was no exception. Jeremiah’s closest companion was his faithful secretary, Baruch, who wrote down Jeremiah’s words as the prophet dictated them (36:4–32). He was called to be a prophet c. 627 B.C. The era in which Jeremiah lived was one of transition for the ancient Near East. 22–23). Jeremiah the prophet, early in his ministry, warned the people to repent and turn their hearts toward God (Jeremiah 2). Jeremiah, so often expressing his anguish of spirit (4:19; 9:1; 10:19–20; 23:9), has justly been called the “weeping prophet.” But it is also true that the memory of his divine call (1:17) and the Lord’s frequent reaffirmations of his commissioning as a prophet (see, e.g., 3:12; 7:2,27–28; 11:2,6; 13:12–13; 17:19–20) made Jeremiah fearless and faithful in the service of his God (cf. 32–33; 38:14—39:14; 52:1–30; chs. He was advised by Jeremiah not to succumb to the temptations of ambition but to be content with his lot (ch. © Zondervan. But God’s judgment of his people (and the nations), though terrible, was not to be the last word, the final work of God in history. The Babylonians placed on the throne of Judah a king favourable to them, Zedekiah (597–586 bce), who was more inclined to follow Jeremiah’s counsel than Jehoiakim had been but was weak and vacillating and whose court was torn by conflict between pro-Babylonian and pro-Egyptian parties. Beyond the judgment would come restoration and renewal. A creator of beautiful phrases, he has given us an abundance of memorable passages (e.g.,2:13,26–28; 7:4,11,34; 8:20,22; 9:23–24; 10:6–7,10,12–13; 13:23; 15:20; 17:5–9; 20:13; 29:13; 30:7,22; 31:3,15,29–30,31–34; 33:3; 51:10). Some scholars have identified the northern foe with the Medes, the Assyrians, or the Chaldeans (Babylonians); others have interpreted his message as vague eschatological predictions, not concerning a specific people. Jeremiah’s ministry began in 627 BC and ended sometime around 582 BC with his prophecy to the Jews who fled to Egypt (Jeremiah 44:1). All Rights Reserved Worldwide. Jeremiah 21–38 Jeremiah preaches during the reign of King Zedekiah and prophesies that Babylon will conquer Jerusalem. Subsequently it was read before King Jehoiakim, who cut it into pieces and burned it. In his “confessions” (see 11:18–23;12:1–4; 15:10–21; 17:12–18; 18:18–23; 20:7–18 and notes) he laid bare the deep struggles of his inmost being, sometimes making startling statements about his feelings toward God (12:1; 15:18). Habakkuk was a contemporary, and Obadiah may have been also. He may have lapsed into a period of silence for several years because of the indifferent success of the reforms and the failure of his prophecies concerning the foe from the north to materialize. Mercy and covenant faithfulness would triumph over wrath. When Jehoiakim withheld tribute from the Babylonians (about 601), Jeremiah began to warn the Judaeans that they would be destroyed at the hands of those who had previously been their friends. Those who survive and are … Omissions? and continued throughout the reigns of Jehoahaz (609), Jehoiakim (609-598), Jehoiachin (598-597) and Zedekiah (597-586). A. Josiah brought about the final spiritual revival for Judah … Nebuzaradan, commander of the imperial guard, advised Jeremiah to live with Gedaliah, whom Nebuchadnezzar had made governor over Judah (40:1–6). Neco returned to Egypt after heavy losses, and Babylon was given a virtually free hand in western Asia for the next 70 years. © 2011-2021 Biblica. Once the friend and confidant of the king, the prophet now entered a dreary round of persecution and imprisonment, alternating with only brief periods of freedom (20:1–2; 26:8–9; 32:2–3; 33:1; 36:26; 37:12–21; 38:6–13,28). and continued throughout the reigns of Jehoahaz (609), Jehoiakim (609–598), Jehoiachin (598–597) and Zedekiah (597–586). Jeremiah is first mentioned in the Bible as a Gadite warrior that came to the defense of David during his time in the wilderness (1 Chronicles 12:8-18). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Context and Background of Jeremiah. Jeremiah was immediately arrested and tried on a capital charge. This view arises from the difficulty of identifying the foe from the north, which seems likely to have been the Babylonians of a later time, as well as the difficulty of determining the prophet’s attitude toward the Deuteronomic reforms and of assigning messages of Jeremiah to the reign of Josiah. Israel would be restored, the nations that crushed her would be crushed, and the old covenants (with Israel, David and the Levites) would be honored. Jeremiah will always be remembered as one of the greatest men of the Bible that has ever lived. Jeremiah’s attitude toward these reforms is difficult to assess. The house of David would rule God’s people in righteousness, and faithful priests would serve. (37:1; 2Ch 36:9–14). The book preserves an account of the prophetic ministry of Jeremiah, whose personal life and struggles are shown to us in greater depth and detail than those of any other OT prophet. Jeremiah’s message illumined the distant as well as the near horizon. He proclaimed the coming of a foe from the north, symbolized by a boiling pot facing from the north in one of his visions, that would cause great destruction. Even to the time of the fall of Jerusalem, Jeremiah’s message remained the same: submit to the yoke of Babylonia. Judgment is one of the all-pervasive themes in Jeremiah’s writings, though he was careful to point out that repentance, if sincere, would postpone the otherwise inevitable. Used with Permission. 52 is an appendix added by a later hand). It is possible that Baruch was also responsible for the final compilation of the book of Jeremiah itself, since no event recorded in chs. If they did not do this, they would be conquered and destroyed, and neither Assyria nor Egypt would be able to help them (2:18, 26).. Subsequently Judah vacillated in its allegiance between Babylonia and Egypt and ultimately became a province of the Neo-Babylonian empire. God told Jeremiah that his cousin Hanameel was soon to visit him, attempting to sell the prophet a farm he owned in Anathoth. "Therefore will I give their wives unto others, [and] their fields to them that … Near the time of the Battle of Carchemish, in 605, when the Babylonians decisively defeated the Egyptians and the remnant of the Assyrians, Jeremiah delivered an oracle against Egypt. Jeremiah began prophesying in Judah halfway through the reign of Josiah (640–609 b.c.) At long last, the Lord was about to inflict on the remnant of his people the ultimate covenant curse (see Lev 26:31–33; Dt 28:49–68). The northern portion of Palestine, the kingdom of Israel, fell to the Assyrians in 622 B.C. The new world power was the Neo-Babylonian empire, ruled by a Chaldean dynasty whose best known king was Nebuchadrezzar. Jeremiah denounced Jehoiakim harshly for his selfishness, materialism, and practice of social injustice. He lashed out against the sins of his countrymen (44:23), scoring them severely for their idolatry (16:10–13,20; 22:9; 32:29; 44:2–3,8,17–19,25)—which sometimes even involved sacrificing their children to foreign gods (see 7:30–34 and notes).  Rebel against Babylonia and Egypt and ultimately became a province of Judah 's existence as kingdom. Again, and faithful priests would serve by Egyptians who ruled Judah for only three months 2Ch... Near horizon by Nebuchadnezzar ( 39:1–7 ) in 622 B.C. ( see NIV notes... 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